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The development of ambulatory arterial pulse oximetry is key to longer term monitoring and treatment of cardiovascular and respiratory conditions. The investigation presented in this paper will assist the designer of an ambulatory pulse oximetry monitor in minimizing the overall LED power consumption (PLED,TOT ) levels by analyzing the lowest achievable limit as constrained by the optical components,...
We have recently introduced a unique technique to automatically estimate both cardiac output (CO) and left atrial pressure (LAP) by pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) waveform analysis. In this contribution, we review the technique and present its evaluation with respect to gold standard, but highly invasive, reference aortic flow probe CO and direct LAP catheter measurements from two dogs during various...
This paper evaluates the paradigm that proposes to quantify short-term complexity and detect nonlinear dynamics by exploiting local nonlinear prediction. Local nonlinear prediction methods are classified according to how they judge similarity among patterns of L samples (i.e., according to different definitions of the cells utilized to discretize the phase space) and examined in connection with different...
World's aging population and prevalence of chronic diseases have led to growing interest in the development of home-based wearable biomedical sensors for patient-monitoring. Monitoring of the pupil's properties is a feasible alternative application, as it has the advantages of non-invasive and non-contact measurement, as well as feasible implementation using wearable image sensors. Recent researches...
In the last years the home monitoring development is increased both for its capability as a real time tool to manage patients health and to reduce hospitalization costs. The home monitoring system is a complex structure that needs the collaboration of different disciplines, from medicine to engineering, and technologies. This project has been developed with the integration of different groups of research...
Although many clinical techniques have been proposed to assess blood volume none have been established as an undisputed standard practice, Volume studies suggest systolic pressure variation (SPV) as a promising volume indicator but underlying influences on SPV are not well understood. Successful modeling of SPV will reveal the major SPV influencers, guide algorithm development to accommodate these...
The system which provides short-term cardiovascular regulation has a very complex structure, resulting from the non-linear interaction among several different mechanisms: they include baroreceptors, peripheral chemoreceptors, lung-stretch receptors, a direct CNS response to hypoxia and hypercapnia, local vessel response to changes in blood gas content. Furthermore, during dynamic exercise a feedforward...
Nonlinear processes of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) can produce breath-to-breath variability in the pattern of breathing. In order to provide assess to these nonlinear processes, nonlinear statistical dependencies between heart rate variability and respiratory pattern variability are analyzed. In this way, auto-mutual information and cross-mutual information concepts are applied. This information...
Previously, we built a pulmonary and cardiovascular integrated model which is driven by O2 consumption. However this model is adjusted to average person and cannot correspond to individual difference. It needs parameter adjustment to be applied for simulation of a particular person. We used lumped parameter models, which have simple structures and are well suited to macro-model. However they have...
High cost of diagnostic studies to detect sleep disordered breathing and lack of availability of certified sleep laboratories in all inhabited areas make investigation of alternative methods of detecting sleep disordered breathing attractive. This study aimed to explore the possibility of discerning obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) from Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) using overnight electrocardiography...
Cardiovascular signals such as arterial blood pressure (ABP), pulse oximetry (SpO2), and central venous pressure (CVP) contain useful information such as heart rate, respiratory rate, and pulse pressure variation (PPV). We present a statistical state-space model of cardiovascular signals that can be used with the extended Kalman filter or smoother to simultaneously estimate and track many cardiovascular...
Adults with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) are known to have impaired autonomic function but the corresponding effects in children appear to be more subtle. Model-based analysis of the cardiovascular response to cold face test (CFT) was used to quantify daytime autonomic dysfunction. The increase in transfer gain between respiration and RRI was not different between controls and OSAS. However,...
In this paper is described the study leading to the implementation of two novel classes of textile piezoresistive sensors, for application in the field of post stroke rehabilitation and cardiovascular diseases monitoring. Two different approaches have been used, the first one leading to the realization of knitted transducer fabric to be integrated in bio-clothes for motion activity and respiration...
The system which provides short-term cardiovascular regulation has a very complex structure, resulting from the non-linear interaction among several different mechanisms: they include baroreceptors, peripheral chemoreceptors, lung-stretch receptors, a direct CNS response to hypoxia and hypercapnia, local vessel response to changes in blood gas content. Furthermore, during dynamic exercise a feedforward...
Previously, we built a pulmonary and cardiovascular integrated model which is driven by O2 consumption. However this model is adjusted to average person and cannot correspond to individual difference. It needs parameter adjustment to be applied for simulation of a particular person. We used lumped parameter models, which have simple structures and are well suited to macro-model. However they have...
High cost of diagnostic studies to detect sleep disordered breathing and lack of availability of certified sleep laboratories in all inhabited areas make investigation of alternative methods of detecting sleep disordered breathing attractive. This study aimed to explore the possibility of discerning obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) from Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) using overnight electrocardiography...
In the last years the home monitoring development is increased both for its capability as a real time tool to manage patients health and to reduce hospitalization costs. The home monitoring system is a complex structure that needs the collaboration of different disciplines, from medicine to engineering, and technologies. This project has been developed with the integration of different groups of research...
Adults with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) are known to have impaired autonomic function but the corresponding effects in children appear to be more subtle. Model-based analysis of the cardiovascular response to cold face test (CFT) was used to quantify daytime autonomic dysfunction. The increase in transfer gain between respiration and RRI was not different between controls and OSAS. However,...
Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is assessed in subjects with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using the time domain direct sequence technique, the spectral transfer function (TF) technique and the alpha index technique. All three measures showed a significantly depressed BRS value in subjects with severe apnea. The high frequency (HF) component of the spectral measures showed higher correlation...
Although many clinical techniques have been proposed to assess blood volume none have been established as an undisputed standard practice, Volume studies suggest systolic pressure variation (SPV) as a promising volume indicator but underlying influences on SPV are not well understood. Successful modeling of SPV will reveal the major SPV influencers, guide algorithm development to accommodate these...
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