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Very few finite element models of the cervical spine have been developed to investigate internal stress on the soft tissues under whiplash loading situation. In the present work, an approach was used to generate a finite element model of the head (C0), the vertebrae (C1–T1) and their soft tissues. The global acceleration and displacement, the neck injury criterion (NIC), segmental angulations and...
Backpack or school bag weight carried by children has raised concerns in worldwide countries over recent decades. School going children face a major problem because of the heavy weight they carry to school everyday as it leads to many problems such as a bent posture and decreased work efficiency. The prescribed weight to be carried by children has been determined to be 10-15% of their body weight;...
Obesity is the final consequence of a chronic positive energy balance in adipocytes,and it is a major risk factor for insulin resistance,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and many other lifestyle-related diseases.Adipose tissue can sense the energy status and signals other organs with adipokines.Insulin resistance is closely associated with inflammatory adipokines and oxidative stress in adipose tissue. However,...
Knowing biomechanical properties of human skin is important for clinical decision making as well as clinical intervention. Measuring these properties in vivo is essential. However, existing devices don't respect the fact, that human skin is an anisotropic material. Nowadays devices investigate mostly the human skin anisotropy by uniaxial testing. This leads leads to distorted information. In this...
To establish three dimensional finite element model of the whole cervical spine and investigate biomechanical characteristic of the human cervical spine for application of clinical diagnosis and therapy. Method: A healthy adult female was subjected, three dimensional finite element model of the whole cervical spine was established using the method of 3D interpolation with CT. Result: The model included...
Create a biological modeling of human lower limb is a difficult job due to the complex and irregularity skeleton structure. However, rebuilding the model that can be used to calculate the biomechanics characteristic is the key step to research the human body. Reverse engineering should be used in rebuilding model. The model consists of at least lower limb skeleton and joint cartilage. Cartilage is...
Low back pain was paid more attention, due to cause a decline in the quality of life and great economic costs. There are many risk factors for low back pain using manual material handing, such as poor postures, excessive force and vibration, manual material handing is a high incidence of low back pain industry. This study analyzed the gravity torque, erector spinae muscle strength as well as the extrusion...
In this study, the kinematic and dynamic parameters were obtained by using the photogrammetric techniques and three-dimensional force platform in jumping moment for foot, the force and moment acted on the tibia were calculated with inverse dynamics method, the three-dimensional finite element model of tibia that considers material property and geometric behavior was established by CT datum, and stress...
In our previous work, we proposed a process optimized hollow silicon (Si) microneedle structure on a silicon chip, which had the highest aspect ratio (AR) reported so far. The 150 micrometer (μm) tall optimized microneedle structure with an AR of about 30:1 was fabricated by reactive ion etch or RIE process on a p-type 500 μm thick Si substrate for drug delivery applications. In this paper we have...
In order to simulate the damping effect of cartilage at human's knee joint, the component of a prosthetic knee joint is topology optimized as a compliant mechanism. After optimization, the component not only has the desired damping effect, but also has a lightweight structure, which is still capable of withstanding the prescribed loads. The SIMP (Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization) interpolation...
Laminotomy is a minimally invasive endoscopic approach relating to the lamina in order to decompress the spinal cord due to disc herniation. A three-dimensional finite element model of L2, L3 and L4 was developed to investigate the effects of laminotomy, or partial unilateral laminectomy to the spinal structure. The vertebral model was extracted from computed tomography image datasets while the soft...
There are different reasons which may result in a need for finger joint arthroplasty, the main reason is thought to be rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Geometric models of the Swanson and the Neuflex implants which are two of the most commonly used implants were constructed, and meshed after a convergence test and refinements were made in critical regions. The main objective of this study is to use finite...
The goal of this study is showing the effects of bone mass density and bone-implant interface characteristics on maximum stress in mandible bone. A 3D nonlinear finite element analysis has been done on a planted titanium cylindrical implant with frictional contact of bone-implant interface. Considering the coulomb frictional contact, maximum Von Misses stress increases in cancellous bone, prominently...
Vascular disease is a major cause of death, therefore it is desirable to develop robots and simulation tools for catheter trajectory evaluation. Until now trajectory completion duration, catheter tip location, wall deformation, morphology and stress applied to blood vessel phantom wall were identified as evaluation parameters during endovascular surgery simulation. For that purpose image processing...
This article established the pelvis models with aeolotropic material property, and made modeling and mechanical analysis of the acetabular transverse fracture models treated with different internal fixation methods. The mechanical indexes we interested in are as follows, the maximal displacement, the maximum equivalent stress and the maximum stress around the fracture line. Through the compare of...
Recent research at the interface of physics and biology has shown that cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation and tissue development, are controlled by the mechanical properties of cells and their environment. This talk reviews current experiments on cell mechanics in the context of theoretical models in which cells are treated in terms of active force dipoles. The theory includes...
Atherosclerosis is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease which affects millions of people globally each year. The development of atheroma is directly connected to the interaction of blood flow with the arterial wall. Therefore, the modeling of this interaction is of critical importance for the study of arterial blood flow mechanics and the progression of atherosclerosis. In this study, we use...
In this study fluid-structure interaction for the carotid artery based on the experimental stress-stretch curves is presented. Experimental determination of carotid artery properties by using strips of human carotid artery is firstly performed. The strips were taken in the longitudinal and in the circumferential directions assuming that the carotid artery wall has the orthotropic characteristics....
Relationship between osteoporosis and failure mechanism can be assessed through quantitative bone quality and clinical studies. Characterization and functional studies in this area is vital to identify patients at risk of bone fractures. Identification of elastic bone modulus can be done using several methods including mechanical testing and correlations between microarchitectural parameters. In this...
The purpose of this study is to monitor the autonomic nervous system with average skin temperature and its variability, of which both are compared with heart rate variability. Six healthy male college students participated in a test which is composed of rest for 5 min., exercise for 20 min. and recovery for 10 min. to measure their ECG and skin temperature with BIOPACK. The test found similarity between...
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