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In a cognitive radio network (CRN), a premise for two nodes to communicate is having a rendezvous which means that they switch to the same channel simultaneously. Most existing channel hopping solutions for the rendezvous problem is for a homogeneous CRN where nodes have the same type of cognitive radio and thus can sense the same spectrum. In reality, nodes have different types of cognitive radios...
The spectrum sensing is a vital stage in cognitive radio networks. The performance of energy-based spectrum sensing scheme degrades under noise uncertainty, which can be improved by covariance-based sensing methods. In this paper, a double threshold-based spectrum sensing scheme using sample covariance matrix of received signal is presented, that improves the performance of conventional covariance-based...
This paper is on the design of an adaptive sending rate for frequency regulation of a smart microgrid. The frequency controller itself is designed using an optimal LQR (Linear Quadratic Regulator) approach whose parameters are obtained using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The utilized isolated smart microgrid comprises different Distributed Generation (DG) units and Renewable Energy Sources (RESs)...
Classification of electrical loads presents multiple benefits. From the ability to inform customer how their appliances contribute to the overall electricity cost, to allowing electric companies and virtual aggregators to institute demand response mechanisms. In this paper we propose a new type of active sensing method which breaks down real-time data into fixed segments which can be quickly analyzed...
Car automation and surveillance is an escalating trend in this decade. Smart Vehicle security is becoming an indispensable need as it makes it easier for the owners to ensure their automobile's safety wirelessly. The core elements in our system consists of a mini central processing unit, motion detecting sensor accompanied with a camera module and buzzer. Our security network can be used to monitor...
This paper aims to reduce improper disposal of waste. The system exploits the technical need for Wi-Fi by the general population. The idea is to inspire people to properly dispose of waste. Here the trash bin acts like Wi-Fi hotspot. Once the user puts waste of certain quantity and enters his/her mobile number, the system sends him a SMS containing a OTP to access the Wi-Fi. This can help us to reduce...
Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) is a widely used technique for visualizing a set of objects in an n-dimensional space. It has been extensively applied in wireless sensor networks for deriving the coordinates of a set of nodes in distance-based Localization. Many variants of MDS have been proposed to overcome issues such as partial connectivity and different types of noise in the measurements. In particular,...
This paper investigates the use of deception in combating the deceiving attack in IEEE 802.22 cognitive radio networks. The deceiving attack is a coordinated combination of diverse jamming attacks sourced by the same malicious platform. In this paper, a deception-based defense scheme is proposed to counteract the deceiving attack. The non-existence of the pure strategy Nash equilibrium was proven...
Efficient spectrum sensing is a crucial function in cognitive radio (CR) networks and that enables secondary users (SUs) to detect primary user (PU) activities and make a decision to utilize vacant channels in the spectrum. Cooperative spectrum sensing, which is a prominent sensing approach in the literature due to its ability to increase sensing accuracy, is based on sharing information about channel...
In this paper, we introduce a road surface conditionunderstanding and sharing system. Traffic accidents and obstructionsdue to bad weather conditions and poor road conditions areserious social problems. It is necessary for drivers to understandweather and road conditions in advance to avoid traffic accidentsand obstructions and it is necessary to alert drivers to weatherand road conditions in order...
Pedestrians globally comprise 22 % of all road traffic deaths in 2013. Various approaches for reducing accident numbers have already been introduced and are still being researched. Most of these approaches have specific limitations, like requiring line of sight. To overcome these limitations, we propose the Wireless Seat Belt (WSB), a smartphone-based collision avoidance system for pedestrians. Unlike...
Future power networks are supposed to contain various power sources in mesh-like structures, including distributed generations such as solar panels, wind power generations, and electric vehicles (EVs) that work not only as transportation but as huge batteries. These power sources have their own characteristics such as cost, stability, amounts of CO2 emission, etc. Hence it is desired to use them efficiently...
This paper presents VeinDeep, a system for using vein patterns to secure smartphones from opportunistic access, e.g. a device left unattended. VeinDeep takes advantage of infrared depth sensors, which at the time of writing have recently started to appear in smartphones for 3D indoor mapping and localisation. We find these sensors can be re-purposed to capture images of the unique vein patterns on...
Auction based participant selection has been widely used for mobile crowd sensing (MCS) to achieve user incentive and assignment optimization. However, mobile crowd sensing problems solved with auction-based approaches usually involve participants' privacy concerns because a participant's bids may contain her private information (such as location visiting patterns), and disclosure participants' bids...
The cloudUPDRS app is a Class I medical device, namely an active transient non-invasive instrument, certified by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency in the UK for the clinical assessment of the motor symptoms of Parkinson's Disease. The app follows closely the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale which is the most commonly used protocol in the clinical study of PD; can be used...
The paradigm of crowd-assisted sensing primarily relies on volunteers, who use their personal devices to collect sensor information. To foster participants' contributions and hence ensure the viability of the underlying applications, different approaches, such as novel incentive schemes and privacy-preserving mechanisms, have been proposed. In most cases, these approaches have been evaluated by means...
Fingerprinting has become the most popular approach for infrastructure-free indoor positioning systems. But fingerprinting relies on frequent and exhaustive building surveys to build and maintain a radio map of the indoor environment. A concept being developed recently is the crowdsourced indoor positioning system, where users of an indoor area will collectively contribute sensor data collected by...
Modern smartphone applications rely on contextual information while providing the users with relevant and timely content and services. One way of generating such contextual information is by employing learning systems to model user behavior. Motion-based sensors, such as the accelerometer or gyroscope, have been previously employed for recognizing predefined high-level physical activities such as...
This paper explores the possibility of turning the cellular radio modem into a passive body motion sensor. Sensing is herein based on the real-time analysis of cellular radio propagation. Unlike WiFi and Bluetooth, all cellular radios are never disconnected as, even in idle mode state, they perform continuous and autonomous measurements of the propagation conditions, namely the cellular signal quality...
A group of wireless devices with the ability to sense physical events (sensors) or/and to perform relatively complicated actions (actors), is referred to as Wireless Sensor and Actor Network (WSAN). In this work, we propose and implement two Fuzzy Based Actor Selection Systems (FBASS): FBASS1 and FBASS2 for actor selection in WSANs. The systems decide whether the actor will be selected for the required...
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