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The bootstrap is a great technique for assessing the accuracy of parameters estimator in situations where conventional techniques are not valid. In this article, we highlight the motivations for using the bootstrap in array signal processing applications. ESPRIT and bootstrap methods combines are combined into one novel technique to solve the DOA (Direction of Arrival) estimation of sources arriving...
Compassing the spatial shape is used out of developing surround speaker system or signal enhancement. To reconstruct the boundary positions, conventional methods offer an array consists of a large number of elements (e.g. microphones and loudspeakers). This research aims to estimate the correct boundary position using a small number of microphones, by developing a signal processing method which utilizes...
Empirical Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models are developed for Two-Dimensional Direction of Arrival (2D DOA) estimation of a source signal. For that purpose, experimental data obtained from measurements in an anechoic chamber are utilized. Performance of ANN models are compared to 2D MUSIC algorithm in regard to estimation accuracy and speed of calculations. It is demonstrated that the proposed...
In this paper a method of DOA of a seismic wave using so called tri-axial geophone has been presented. The idea of the proposed method is to identify Rayleigh surface wave using simple inner products of appropriate signals. The great advantage of this method is its simplicity and ease of implementation in small DSP processors, application processors or even in microcontrollers, still retaining pretty...
Neural networks (NNs) have proven to be a very powerful tool both for one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. By avoiding complex and time-consuming mathematical calculations, NNs estimate DOAs almost instantaneously. This feature makes them very convenient for real-time applications. Further, unlike the well known MUSIC algorithm, neural network-based...
The Knowledge of Direction of Arrival (DOA) of the signal impinging on a smart antenna enables us to reduce the effect of interference. In this paper, we investigate efficiency of multiple kernel learning SVR-based direction of arrival estimation in a smart antenna with mutual coupling effect. Mutual coupling effect can degrade performance of traditional DOA estimation methods such as MUSIC severely...
Antennas without phase center (AWPC) are applied to resolve the less-sensors-than-sources problem in direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation using subspace methods, typically, the well-known multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm. This paper focuses on optimization of some design parameters of such antennas, including the rotation angle, the rotation step number and distances of two dipole...
This paper presents some techniques for estimating the time difference of arrival (TDOA) associated with signals in a multipath communication channel for wireless indoor positioning. Recently, variants of Matrix Pencil (MP) algorithms have been presented to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of coherent or non-coherent signals using uniform linear arrays (ULA). These include the Unitary Matrix...
The Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm is popular choice for estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) of signals impinging on a sensor array. In this paper, we analyze the mean-squared error (MSE) performance of MUSIC algorithm in the white noise setting with partially observed, or missing, data. Using recent results from random matrix theory, we obtain an analytic expression for the...
In certain Direction of Arrival (DOA) scenarios some of the sources are approximately known a priori. It is then desirable to be able to exploit this prior knowledge when estimating the DOAs of the unknown sources. In this paper we modify an estimator utilizing exact angular prior knowledge of some sources such that the estimator is able to exploit prior knowledge with some uncertainty. We derive...
Subspace-based methods require a large number of sensors for localization of closely spaced sources since the spectral magnitude of Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) is used. However, the MUSIC-Group delay (MUSIC-GD) method has been used earlier to resolve closely spaced sources with a limited number of sensors. In this work, the MUSIC-GD method is used in high resolution azimuth and elevation...
This paper presents a real-time three-dimensional (3D) wideband sound localization system designed with a miniature XYZO microphone array. Unlike the conventional microphone arrays for sound localization using only omnidirectional microphones, the presented microphone array is designed with both bidirectional (pressure gradient) and omnidirectional microphones. Therefore, the array has significantly...
Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is very useful in many positioning applications and has been well studied and verified via computer simulation. The main contribution of this work is to design and implement a real-time DOA estimator on a software defined radio (SDR) platform. Because the RF receivers on the SDR platform are phase incoherent, this design requires a phase calibration scheme to...
Most coherent signal subspace methods (CSM) need singular-value decomposition (SVD) to construct the focusing matrix and eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) when getting noise subspaces. Furthermore, most focusing methods mainly work on ideal antenna element whose radiation pattern is omnidirectional and identical. In this paper, a novel DOA finding method for wideband sources on real antenna array named...
For 3D direction finding, one can use vector-sensor antennas. For such antennas, a linear system can been introduced to determine the field components at one point from the measured signals. The condition number of this system evaluates the sensitivity of the antenna to small perturbations. The previous method leads to antennas with a large number of elements. To reduce this number, a feeding network...
UAV emitter geolocation systems force the development of small RF receivers with real-time direction of arrival (DOA) estimation capabilities. This paper introduces the Virtual Receiving Array method. A single element receiver samples an RF signal in time, while the UAV flies with a constant velocity. The data is manipulated and a Direct Data Domain algorithm is used to generate good quality DOA estimates...
We present a new method for DOA estimation that relies on the assumption that the sources can be modelled as ARMA. A matrix formulation is introduced in the frequency domain so that the available information from the sources can be incorporated thus allowing the DOA estimation with a few sensors and achieve good estimates with acceptable computational demand. Due to the nature of the ARMA models we...
Target altitude estimation is an important problem in over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) systems for target tracking and classification. Narrow signal bandwidth and rich propagation environment in OTHR render this problem difficult and challenging. In this paper, we develop a novel technique that allows accurate altitude estimation for a maneuvering target during its ascending or descending flight. The...
In this paper, we will utilize ferrite beads so that the coaxial-fed circular dipole array in a borehole (CFCAB) can work below 100 MHz. The CFCAB suffers from scattered wave from the centered conducting cylinder (CCC), and this disturbs estimation of direction of arrival. The commercial ferrite beads works as resistance typically above 100 MHz, and it does not consume the electromagnetic power below...
Inspired by monaural (one ear) sound localization ability of human auditory system, a novel direction of arrival (DoA) technique for pulse based broadband microwave signals is proposed. A microstrip leaky wave antenna as the receiving component is designed and then fabricated with good matching and reasonable radiation efficiency in the interested frequency range. By exploiting the incident angle...
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