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We report on the development and analysis of two types of fast neutron and neutron-gamma detection media: (1) large volume inorganic oxide crystalline scintillators; and (2) large-area multilayer composite structures consisting of dispersed granules of small-crystalline scintillators contained in a transparent plastic matrix. The first type is based on solid-state single crystal CWO, BGO and ZWO scintillators...
The SoLid experiment aims to measure the anti-neutrino energy spectrum 5.5-10m from the core of the BR2 nuclear reactor at SCK•CEN in Mol, Belgium. The goal is to provide the most sensitive search for short-baseline neutrino oscillations and to resolve the reactor neutrino anomaly. In fact, the proposed detector technology will be very useful for anti-neutrino detection in other settings as well,...
The advent of new plastic scintillator formulations opens avenues of application in terms of neutron-gamma discrimination. As a consequence, the likelihood that these detectors will be subject to regions of significant neutron flux is high. In order to study the tolerance to radiation damage a number of samples of both EJ-299 and EJ-200 plastic scintillator were irradiated with fast neutrons using...
Recently we reported on a high efficiency, low gamma-sensitivity, high count rate capable 1D neutron detector consisting of ZnS:6LiF scintillator readout with WLS-fibers coupled to SiPMs which showed a performance comparable with a 3He-based detector. In this work we discuss a possible extension of the developed technology to large area 2D detectors with high count rate capability suitable, for example,...
The 14 MeV Frascati Neutron Generator (FNG), designed and built at the ENEA Frascati research center, is a highly versatile active source of fast neutrons for research activities. Neutron generation at the FNG is based on the T(d,n)α fusion reaction, to produce 14 MeV neutrons with a flux up to 1×1011 neutrons/s in steady state or pulse mode. FNG can also produce 2.5 MeV neutrons via the D(d,n)3He...
In this new concept of 2-dimensional scintillation detector, the detector consists of an almost gapless assembly of individual and optically isolated ZnS/6LiF bars with embedded and uniformly distributed WLS fibers running from one end of the bar to the other. The longitudinal position is determined from the left-right asymmetry of the number of photons detected on both sides of the fibers while the...
The development and testing of a 2d neutron detector for the OffSpec reflectometer on the second target station of the ISIS spallation neutron source is reported. Based on a microstrip gas chamber (MSGC) the detector utilises a wire plane operating at zero gain to provide the second coordinate, which relaxes the tolerances on the wireplane necessary for stable operation. The
The boron-coated straw (BCS) neutron detection technology has been proposed as an attractive 3He replacement solution in a series of applications in homeland security, neutron science, and safeguards. In order to improve the neutron detection efficiency of the BCS, while maintaining manufacturability, Proportional Technologies, Inc. is introducing a modified BCS with significant performance benefits...
3He gaseous detectors have been widely used for homeland security and neutron scattering applications. Due to the 3He supply crisis, different alternative thermal neutron detection techniques have been studied in recent years. And the boron coated straw tube detectors (BCSD) have been chosen as one of the potential replacements of 3He gaseous detectors for the adequate supply and large cross section...
The Energy-Resolved Neutron Imaging System RADEN, located at the J-PARC Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility in Japan, is the world's first dedicated high-intensity, short-pulsed neutron imaging beam line. To carry out energy-resolved neutron imging at RADEN, we use cutting-edge detector systems employing micropattern detectors and data acquisition systems based on Field Programmable Gate...
The SoLid collaboration will probe the reactor anti-neutrino anomaly by performing a search for anti-neutrino oscillations within 10 m from the BR2 nuclear reactor, with the first modules being deployed early in 2017. Anti-neutrino events are identified in the SoLid detector by reconstructing the positron and neutron emitted from an inverse beta decay. Performing anti-neutrino measurements at ground...
Radiation imaging systems provide a wealth of information for analyzing quantities of interest (enumeration, strength, dimensions) of an uncharacterized source. This capability is useful, for example, when measuring plutonium powder “held up” in unknown locations at reprocessing facilities. Accurate models of the imager are required to infer the quantity of interest. This paper describes the modeling...
This work presents data obtained from an investigation into muon stimulated neutron emission in combination with the technique of muon scattering tomography. Initial measurements in lead of the neutron emission measured a half-life of 56.9 ± 6.63 ns which is three standard deviations lower than expected, with the error primarily attributed to prompt X-ray emission. A hypothetical detector, based on...
Recent improvements in the production of artificial single crystal diamonds have made it possible to produce commercial radiation detectors. However, the availability of diamond detectors for high temperature and high shock environments is limited. For this reason, a compact solid state diamond detector was developed for applications which require compact size, stable performance and extreme ruggedness...
Two fourth-generation 3He replacement (HeRep Mk IV) detectors based on microstructured semiconductor neutron detector (MSND) technology have been fabricated and characterized against a 0.75-in diameter by 3.0-in long, 10-atm 3He neutron proportional counter. The HeRep Mk IV detectors have a 0.75-in by 0.75-in square form factor with one HeRep Mk IV measuring 3.1-in long and the other measuring 6.1-in...
A modular, mass-producible, low-power, compact thermal-neutron counter has been developed to meet the needs for modern detector instruments and to compete with aging 3He-based counter systems. The Domino™ V5.4 neutron detector package is populated with four 1-cm2 active-area microstructured semiconductor neutron detectors (MSNDs). The detectors are calibrated to an intrinsic thermal neutron detection...
A ceramic-insulated ball-anode (CiB) element that consists of a ceramic insulator, cathode lines, ball-shaped anodes, and anode lines was developed, and an irradiation experiment was performed using a Cf-252 neutron source. An electric field simulation of CiB element was conducted and strong electric fields of more than 107 V/m was obtained by the calculation using the finite element method. The neutron-induced...
The combination of a 3He proportional counter and a 4He proportional counter sharing the same parameters was employed as the low background thermal neutron detector. The wall material is oxygen-free copper for low surface a emit rate. Other characters including wall effect and energy resolution were also optimized for low background performance. A portable readout electronics system has been developed...
In Particle Therapy, cancer treatments are performed using accelerated charged particles whose high irradiation precision and conformity permit to destroy the tumour while sparing the surrounding healthy tissues. Several secondary particles are produced during the treatments mainly photons, protons and neutrons. The reduced attenuation length of neutrons yields a secondary particle sample that is...
Diamond is studied since many years as potential radiation detector material. In the last years, there has been an increasing interest about the capability of diamond to withstand harsh working conditions including high temperature. The latter capability depending upon the large band gap and the excellent thermal properties of diamond. At ENEA C.R. Frascati, diamond detectors operating at high temperature...
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