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With the IEEE 802.16e standard for mobile WiMAX the course for new 4G mobile radio communication systems is set. It offers significantly higher data rates than GSM or WCDMA/UMTS and supports different handover mechanisms and QoS features in contrast to WiFi (IEEE 802.11 g) on the OSI-layer 2 (L2). Since WiMAX-devices are hardly available today and protocol optimizations are strongly restricted with...
The neighborhood information has been frequently used by protocols such as routing in sensor networks. Many methods have been proposed to protect such information in hostile environments. However, these methods can only protect neighbor relations between benign nodes. A compromised node can easily circumvent them and setup false neighbor relations with sensor nodes in many places, impacting the network...
Topology control in a wireless sensor network is useful for ensuring that the network remains connected in the presence of nodes that exhaust their energy or become altogether dysfunctional (for whatever reasons). It also ensures that all the link that can be established are energy-efficient links and the nodes utilize their energy fairly. In this paper, we propose a fair and energy efficient topology...
With the advent of unbounded small-scale dust sensors being deployed in wireless sensor networks, existing authentication protocols for ordinary wireless sensor networks are becoming less efficient for dust sensors. Resource constrained dust nodes must do anything in cooperation with other nodes. Existing key management protocols require large key storage in each node, which cannot be stored in smart...
Nowadays, Vehicle Communication (VC) represents an interesting item for research and industry communities since it brings an efficient way to improve the transport quality. Nevertheless, VC faces a number of new challenges, in particular due to the extremely dynamic network topology and the large variable number of mobile nodes. To overcome these problems an effective solution is to define a self-healing...
Wireless sensor networking is envisioned as an economically viable paradigm and a promising technology because of its ability to provide a variety of services, such as intrusion detection, weather monitoring, security, tactical surveillance, and disaster management. The services provided by wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are based on collaboration among small energy-constrained sensor nodes. The...
Wireless sensor network are consist of hundreds or thousands of sensor nodes deployed in an area of interest for gathering information. Sensor nodes are harshly energy constrained therefore it is important to organize in a way to save the energy during processing, receiving and communication with base station. Sensor nodes are classified in different clusters. Efficient cluster head is selected in...
Recent proliferation of sensor networks in diverse applications has made the low-power wireless sensor network an important design issue. Structural health monitoring is one of the important applications of the wireless sensor network. A robust wireless structural monitoring strategy requires appropriate choice of the wireless network topology as well as some suitable protocols. This paper presents...
Multiple sensor nodes deployed in a common neighborhood to sense an event and subsequently transmit sensed information to a remote processing unit or base station, has been the recent focus of research. Tiny sensor nodes, which consist of sensing, data processing, and communicating components, leverage the idea of sensor networks based on collaborative effort of a large number of nodes. These numerous...
To increase the lifetime and scalability of a wireless sensor network (WSN) it is necessary to have control over topology of the network. Dynamic clustering is one way for achieve the above defined objective. In this paper we are proposing a multi-level hierarchal clustering approach for WSN. Our proposed approach in this paper is to create a system which will adopt a topology (i.e. size of cluster...
The method proposed here gathers data in high- density wireless sensor networks in real-time. It determines network topology by hierarchical clustering to avoid radio collision, which enables us to gather data with minimum data latency from numerous high-density sensor nodes. The analysis of our proposed tree-based data gathering protocol and real experiments using 39 real sensor nodes show that the...
In wireless sensor networks, energy-balanced data propagation is crucial to achieving satisfactory network lifetime. This paper presents a probability-based mathematical model to formulate the energy dissipated by data transmission of sensor nodes for arbitrary network topology. The mathematical model summarizes an extensive design space for routing, in which direct transmission and minimum transmission...
A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) consists of a set of mobile hosts that can communicate with each other without the assistance of base stations. The multipath routing in mobile ad hoc networks is difficult because the network topology may change constantly, and the available alternative path is inherently unreliable. Multi-path routing represents a promising routing method for wireless mobile ad hoc...
The adoption and widespread deployment of wireless sensor networks means that security issues are of critical concern. To date, much research has focused on the usability of these networks in a variety of environments where conventional wired networks may not be feasible. However, less emphasis was placed on the security issues of employing a sensor network and its exposure to potential threats. Due...
Wireless network coding has the potential to enhance the capacity of wireless mesh networks (WMNs). However, most of the work considering the practical deployment of network coding in WMNs considers only IEEE 802.11 based medium access control (MAC) layers. The recent emergence of sophisticated MAC standards supporting WMNs (e.g. IEEE 802.16) make it necessary to view the deployment issues for network...
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been identified as being useful in a variety of domains from the battlefield to environmental monitoring. We motivate the security problems that sensor networks face by developing a scenario representative of a circle-distributed 2-hops network model. Threats are identified to this model and a new lightweight security solution, comprised of the topology discovery...
We consider the problem of supervision or periodic data collection for stationary wireless sensor networks and present a practical, energy-efficient, and reliable solution. Energy-efficiency is achieved by combining three design methods: (a) adopting network flow optimization techniques, the optimal scheme for balancing the communication load among all the nodes in the network is calculated. This...
Wireless sensor networks need an efficient and reliable reprogramming service to facilitate management and maintenance tasks. In this paper, we propose a reprogramming mechanism, which is based on the hierarchy in the network. We divide the nodes in the network into two types of nodes (i.e. super nodes and normal nodes). We first send codes to nodes in the upper layer of the node hierarchy (i.e.,...
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