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One particular challenging environment for multicast is a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET). Existing studies show that tree-based and mesh based on-demand protocols are not necessarily the best choice, since associated overhead will be more. Several algorithms based on the ant colony optimization (ACO) approach minimizes the cost of the tree under multiple constraints. These algorithms treat the traffic...
For the characteristic of All-IP networks, the impact of higher mobility of mobile node and higher overlap region of mobile agent on smoother handover was considered. For the existed questions of longer delay, packets loss, and easier failure at handover, the pre-handover in the overlap region based on HMIPv6 protocol and overlap computation was proposed. Instead of matching prefix of broadcasting...
This paper proposes an open cooperative architecture for the integration of mobile networks. It is based on the soft-switch idea which is the control functional entity of next generation network (NGN) and fit for large scale networking. In the architecture static routing combined with dynamic routing is adopted for globally connecting among network soft-switch centers (NSCs) with distributed control...
Mobile IPv6 supports a global mobility solution in wireless networks. The mobile node is unable to send or receive packets during handover, due to link switching delay and IP protocol operations. This handover latency is caused by standard mobile IPv6 procedures, such as movement detection, new care of address configuration, and binding update. This configuration is the most time-consuming phase,...
The IEEE 802.11 has been shown to be quite inefficient in multihop networks. Besides the problems of hidden terminal and exposed terminal, there is also unreachability problem, which may result in link/routing failures and unfairness among multiple traffic flows. In this paper, a novel medium access control (MAC) protocol, called eMAC, is proposed. Under the proposed scheme, stations maintain double...
Future generations of mobile operator networks, based on an all-IP-based flat architecture and a multitude of different access technologies, require a proper IP-based mobility management in place. In this article, a scalable and completely distributed mobility management is presented which is based on a Distributed Hash Table data structure. The Distributed IP Mobility Approach (DIMA) remains completely...
This paper presents a new version of swarm-intelligence inspired ad hoc routing algorithm for communications in Cyberworlds, based on evolutionary cooperation in a biological swarm. We use the principle of swarm intelligence to reinforce good quality routes with only local communication. The data traffic is influenced at each node, and the communicating nodes observe this influence to update their...
The mobile wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN) architecture imposes a demanding power management requirement on mobile stations (MSs) in order to prolong the lifetime of MS. The base station (BS) will functionally serve as a buffer for non-real-time traffic distribution to the multiple MSs associated with it, and thus naturally provide MSs with the power saving capability. However, the power...
A mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes forming a temporary Network. These networks do not require any existing infrastructure or central administration. To make MANETs adaptive to different mobility and traffic patterns, this paper proposes a novel routing scheme which is utilized mobile agents and attempts to develop DSR routing protocol in MANETs with simple node-level...
Network mobility (NEMO) aims providing seamless Internet connectivity for the network which is moving around with vehicles. Multiple care of addresses (MCoA) registration was also proposed as an extension. This paper studies the seamless Internet connectivity of mobile router (MR) which is equipped with WLAN, CDMA and GPRS interfaces simultaneously. Concretely, a smooth inter-interfaces hand-off algorithm...
This paper describes a new routing algorithm over a network composed of a mesh of HAPs. It is based on ant colonies behavior. In order to explore the network the used model utilizes a particular type of packet, called ant packet, which is a simple software mobile agent that is useful for collecting info for the QoS routing problem. In particular, this proposed algorithm focuses on path length minimization...
This paper proposes an extension to Fast-handover Mobile IPv6 [6] that improves handover latency in Mobile IPv6 procedures in case mobile nodes have multiple wireless interfaces. In the basic Fast MIPv6 [6], a previous access router (PAR) forwards arriving packets for the mobile node to a new access router (NAR) by setting up a tunnel to the NAR in order to prevent packet losses incurred by latency...
A major challenge in the design of wireless ad hoc networks is the need for distributed routing algorithms that consume a minimal amount of network resources. This is particularly important in dynamic networks, where the topology can change over time, and therefore routing tables must be updated frequently. Such updates incur control traffic, which consumes bandwidth and power.
Most routing solutions for wireless sensor networks utilize static sinks to collect data from the entire network. This approach results in high traffic load at nodes located near the sink. These sensor nodes will be more requested than other nodes in the network, resulting in longer delays and packet losses. In this paper, we propose a mobile data collector strategy in order to alleviate the high...
This paper presents the design, implementation and evaluation of a solution for dynamic redirection of traffic flows for multihomed mobile networks. The solution was developed for a mobile user that disposes of a Personal Area Network (PAN) with a Personal Mobile Router (PMR), in order to achieve Always Best Connected (ABC) service by distributing flows belonging to different applications among the...
Existing wireless access (mobile) routers are commonly based on the network address and port translation (NAPT) technique which permits simultaneously sharing a subscriber's connection to the core network with multiple users. However, the NAPT architecturally makes the users invisible on the core network side, thus becoming a user-oriented connection-sharing technique. In this paper, we propose a...
A principal factor in sensor network design is energy efficiency. In this work, we propose to extend the lifetime of sensor networks using appropriate choice of sensor node distribution. The key idea of our scheme is to deploy more nodes in areas of extensive energy usage. Using this scheme of sensor node distribution, we use probabilistic angular routing to route data packets from the sensor nodes...
Mobile multicast has two points of view. One is focused on the mobile receiver and the other is focused on the mobile source. Mobile multicast also has two approaches. When a mobile source wants to send multicast traffic, it uses either a designated router in the foreign network or its home agent (HA). These are called remote approach and bi-directional tunneling approach respectively. When a mobile...
The recent advances in wireless technologies and ubiquitous computing have driven an immense interest in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). However, the performance of MANETs is highly affected by the behaviour of its constituting nodes, which must cooperate in order to provide the basic networking functionality. We present a solution that detects and avoids misbehaving nodes which agree to route packets...
Large scale wireless ad-hoc networks of computers, sensors, PDAs etc. (i.e. nodes) are revolutionizing connectivity and leading to a paradigm shift from centralized systems to highly distributed systems. A plethora of routing algorithms have been proposed to support path discovery into this class of networks, ranging from broadcasting/flooding approaches to global positioning systems (GPS). W-Grid...
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