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This paper gives an empirical study on determinants of capital structure of Chinese-listed companies using firm-level panel data. The study employs a new database containing the accounting data from 89 non-financial companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange during the period time of 2003 to 2005. It employs six index variables as independent variables, and finds main affecting factors...
Due to the constantly changing nature of our society, the ability to make correct decisions is crucial for decision-makers. Understanding science-technology linkages and knowledge flows are of critical importance for decision-makers. A recent surge of research on patent has given us new opportunities and challenges; and there are many advances that have been made in the area of patent analysis. Therefore,...
The word engineering is used in various contexts and for a broad range of disciplines. But there is no common understanding for engineering disciplines. It is not clear which disciplines exist, the scope of disciplines is not defined, and there is no common naming conventions for engineering disciplines. This paper shall promote the common understanding of engineering by an investigation on the diversity...
Research institutes play an important role as part of the innovation landscape, which includes industrial, academic and governmental organisations. Although there is often much confusion over what constitutes an institute and there can even be a number of different terms associated with such organisational forms, including centres, networks, programmes and laboratories. Indeed institutes can enable...
Science and technology capability is one of the critical factors in developing the nation's competitiveness and driving the economic growth as well as the well-being of the people. The mobility of talent between academia and industry contributes significantly to the stock of human resources in science and technology, thus talent mobility at the national level plays an important role in the country's...
This paper takes a rational perspective to study the causes and cures of collaborative projects failure in the organizations. It shows that project cooperation failure may result from two causes: project members' private information (with respect to their preferences and/or outside options) as well as their incentives to misrepresent - explicitly and implicitly - that information; and failure to build...
Unmet clinical needs remain the primary driving force for innovations in medical devices. While appropriate mechanisms to protect these innovative outcomes are essential, the performance of clinical trials to ensure safety is also mandated before the invention is ready for public use. Literature explaining the relationship between patenting activities and clinical trials of medical devices is scarce...
Research infrastructure, especially research equipment is essential to perform R&D activities. Previous studies have shown that many researchers have used external research equipment that is not owned by their laboratories. To promote innovation, universities are increasingly expected to make their research equipment available as shared core facilities not only on campus but also to other universities...
Classical theory “Lotka's Law” has been proven in many fields that the number of persons who contribute n outputs is about 1/nα of those who contribute one output, where the exponent α is a parameter about 2 to 3 in the most cases reported previously. Our analysis on patent productivity of inventors in Japan shows different characteristics from the results of previous studies on US and European firms...
In developed countries in the post industrial age, the ratio of the working population in service sectors has been very high. Our great concern is to improve those knowledge workers' creative performance because it could be the source of having an advantage over our rivals. However, there has been a lack of discussion over the management of service sectors for knowledge workers engaged in creative...
In this study, the number and the strength of scientific linkage of smartphone related patents of global leading companies is analyzed. The results show that patents with litigation or transfer cite more journal papers. Therefore, the analysis of the strength of scientific linkage of smartphone related patents of global leading companies will help to evaluate the quality or value of the patents. The...
The public research centers were created to research activities and knowledge generation. Some studies, around the world, have been developed about this problematic and the opportunities for technology transfer, from these institutes. In the Peruvian case, until now, the national institutes of research have structured and applied its programs and models of technology transfer in an incipient form...
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to find out success factors of Japanese companies in managing R&D centers in China and in the United States and the differences between the two countries. Design/methodology/approach - In parallel with interviews with managers of R&D centers of Japanese companies in China and managers in charge of overseas R&D in Japan, the research is mainly based...
The aim in this paper is to explore how the educational and research issues are handled in operations management and service systems in industrial engineering programs in major Turkish universities. Firstly, a review of the recent developments in the area is given. Based on this review, the performance of industrial engineering departments in major Turkish universities is assessed. The study identifies...
In most SMEs in Japan, they have polished their core technologies and delivered new values to a society through the collaboration with members of their supply network of the world. This study discusses small and medium manufactures (SMMs) which are concerned in a social infrastructure construction. In particularly, Matsumoto Machine Corporation is focused as one case company of the object field. They...
Innovation is one of the most important sources of competitive advantage. It helps a company to fuel the growth of new products and services, sustain incumbents, create new markets, transform industries, and promote the global competitiveness of nations. Because of its importance, companies need to manage innovation. It is very important for a company to be able to measure its innovativeness because...
R&D intensive firms have faced many kinds of innovation dilemmas which firms have to develop both radical innovation to tap new opportunities and incremental innovation to enhance existing capabilities. The designed organizational structure allows to excel at both conflicting modes of innovation can be termed as organizational ambidexterity. However, how R&D intensive firms deal with various...
This paper investigates to which extent the scope and degree of novelty of innovation by automotive component manufacturers in developing countries is associated with the scope of sources of knowledge used. The literature indicates a positive association between these parameters in the developed country context. However, it is not evident that in the developing country environment the same associations...
Organizational restructuring is a disruptive process that damages the communication patterns of surviving employees, in which the organizational networks could significantly affect a company performance, in particular its total quality management (TQM) performance. However, existing studies on how the employees of a TQM organization cope with lost communication linkages, and form new linkages are...
This initiative proposes a new tool to measure and diagnose technological and innovation capabilities on research groups, based on an existing tool actually being applied to companies. This new option includes important deep-in changes, adapting the language according to the idiosyncrasy of research personnel and institutions. Literature research showed a lack of methodologies that apply directly...
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