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In many Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) applications that crowd-source data from probe vehicles, a crucial step is to accurately map the GPS trajectories to the road network in real time. This process, known as map-matching, often needs to account for noise and sparseness of the data because (1) highly precise GPS traces are rarely available, and (2) dense trajectories are costly for live...
Recently several artificial intelligence labs have suggested the use of fully equipped vehicles with the capability of sensing the surrounding environment to enhance roadway safety. As a result, it is anticipated in the future that many vehicles will be autonomous and thus there is a need to optimize the movement of these vehicles. This paper presents a new tool for optimizing the movements of autonomous...
Autonomous vehicles have seen great advancements in recent years, and such vehicles are now closer than ever to being commercially available. The advent of driverless cars provides opportunities for optimizing traffic in ways not possible before. This paper introduces an open source multiagent microscopic traffic simulator called AORTA, which stands for Approximately Orchestrated Routing and Transportation...
In the past, we have proposed an intersection graph (IG)-based vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) architecture for efficient unicast communication in the city urban. Thus, the source vehicle can leverage the proposed IG and IG bypass routing protocols to greedily forward unicast packets to the destination vehicle via each intermediate intersection in the calculated least cost IG path. However, when...
Several reliable packet routing approaches have been studied to achieve a high reliable VANET by using the Car-to-car communications and Inter-Vehicle Communications. VANET suffers from high mobility, diverse road topologies, and wireless interference, and thus significantly degrades the connectivity of packet transmissions and network performance. The mathematical analysis can help the approach efficiency,...
Content access and downloading in vehicular environments is expected to heavily rely on the availability of roadside infrastructure. Although vehicle-to-vehicle communication is foreseen, data will mostly flow through roadside access points, or RSUs (RoadSide Units), which suffer from less connectivity problems. However, at least in the early stages of deployment, the RSU coverage will be spotty,...
In this paper the problem of delay tolerant message data transmission scheduling over Cognitive Radio (CR) enabled wireless networks is considered with special emphasis on high mobility users (vehicles). The proliferation of delay tolerant applications (social networking updates, emails, updates over the air to mention just a few) can drive efficient utilization of available spectrum by Secondary...
Advanced signal operations offer practitioners an opportunity to reduce delay at their intersections at minimal cost by using features already included in their signal control software. One advanced operations technique is phase reservice and its associated feature conditional reservice. This research examines the impact of applying these techniques to the left turn at Hall Blvd. on 99W in Tigard,...
Unlike conventional traffic signal control strategies, which assume that an intersection's geometric configuration is given as an exogenous input, dynamic lane grouping (DLG) strategies aim to further improve roadway capacity utilization under significant traffic demand variation. This is accomplished by dynamically adjusting the turning movement assignments for each lane. Previous numerical analyses...
The merging of main road and on-ramp traffic is known to lead to congestion under heavy traffic conditions. This is mainly due to the underutilization of the road infrastructure and the lack of efficiency in the way the in which the merging manoeuvre is performed by human drivers. We propose a merging algorithm based on our previous work on slot-based driving which employs cooperation between vehicles...
In spite of recent advances in Intelligent Transport, vehicular traffic dynamics are still hard to represent and analyze. Most of the previous work on traffic regards highways or single lanes where vehicles interact in one dimension. Models for multi-dimensional vehicle-to-vehicle interactions and models for urban intersections are quite complicated and hardly applicable on a large scale. Nonetheless,...
Traffic is composed of different vehicle classes, each characterized by the vehicle length, the value of time (VOT) and other class-specific properties. Multi-class traffic flow models aim to capture these class-specific differences. In this paper, a multi-class model is appended with a monetary cost framework accounting for the value of time of each vehicle class, thereby enabling the computation...
Intelligent transport systems provide a multitude of possibilities when it comes to increasing traffic safety on our roads. Many of the proactive traffic safety applications under development today demand timely and reliable treatment of deadline dependent data traffic. Unfortunately it is not possible to provide any timing guarantees when using the current IEEE 802.11p standard for wireless access...
The topic of traffic control for individual intersections has been studied for many years. A lot of work has been devoted to designing signal timing plans able to make things better under oversaturated situations. In this paper, we discuss how to discretize Gazis two-stage control strategy that had been introduced in [1] for a single oversaturated intersection. We give an optimal discrete timing plan...
Traffic congestion in Greater Toronto Area costs Canada 15 billion /year in the next few decades. Adaptive Traffic Signal Control(ATSC) is a promising technique to alleviate traffic congestion. For medium-large transportation networks, coordinated ATSC is becoming a challenging problem because the number of system states and actions grows exponentially...
Vision-based active safety and driver assistance systems, such as lane departure warning (LDW) system, have increasingly gained popularity in automotive applications due to their fairly good performance at relatively low cost. Lane detection is a very complicated and time-consuming process and the potential time delay resulting from current image capturing and image processing can potentially impact...
Under emergency situations, citizens are often forced to evacuate an inhabited area for their own safety. During this process, drivers' behavior becomes a very important factor determining vehicle movements in the affected area. In this research, the impact of driver aggressiveness on traffic flow properties related to evacuation, such as travel time to the safe zones, is modeled through microscopic...
With an increase in number of vehicles on road, applications and services offered by Intelligent Transportation System are growing in demand. However, there are still coverage and capacity limitation of wireless links that support such services. In this work, we address a new and novel concept that leverages 4G network for vehicle-to-infrastructure communications. Instead of considering on-board units...
To accommodate the dynamic characteristics in opportunistic networks, ``carry-and-forward'' technique is utilized. In this paradigm, the next hop forwarding relay node is usually decided by inferring future contact opportunities. A practical method is to predict future encounter time using nodes' contact history. But limited by prediction accuracy, this method has only an uncertain effect on improving...
physical parts of a system to interacting software components. In many cyber-physical systems considered nowadays, the system's parts form a network structure with concurrent entities and the need of seamless scaling and fault-tolerant information dissemination and decentralized methods. In this contribution we point out that swarm intelligence approaches may be well suited for CPS with networked...
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