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Lightpath bundling (LB) technique consists of grouping a set of lightpaths between two nodes so that they appear to the IP layer as a single pipe of aggregated capacity. Anycast switching (AS) technique makes a perpacket granularity balancing of the traffic among the lightpaths bundled. LB+AS combination requires seamless changes in the switching nodes and no changes in the optical infrastructure...
Most user terminals or Internet hosts are equipped with two or more interfaces that can simultaneously be attached to different access networks. These multihomed hosts can offer ubiquitous and cost-effective connectivity, while improving resiliency and bandwidth. Each interface would get an address (or locator) from the edge network to which it attaches. Thus the multihomed host has multiple locators...
This paper proposes a new adaptive jitter estimation algorithm for voice-over IP networks. The adaptive network jitter estimation incorporates rapid detection of delay spikes and reacts to changes in network conditions. The proposed algorithm can more correctly estimate the network jitter than the conventional algorithm during spike intervals, thereby effectively reducing the jitter estimation error.
A drastic increase in traffic of mobile broadband is seen in the past few years, which is further accelerated by the increased usage of smart phones and its applications. The availability of good smart phones and better data connectivity are encouraging mobile users to use video services. This huge increase in usage will pose a lot of challenges to the wireless networks. The existing wireless networks...
As the Internet becomes increasingly popular and mature, constant increase of demands and complexities for network traffic has been an big issue. A concentration of large traffic demands to one routing node or one communication line makes a network congestion. This congestion causes increment of total network delay and the total amount of packet losses. These losses grow retransmission of packets,...
Fast-flux service networks (FFSNs), broadly used by botnets, are an evasive technique for conducting malicious behavior via rapid activities. FFSN detection easily fails in the case of poor performance and causes a high incidence of false positives due to the similarity of an FFSN to a content distribution network (CDN), a normal behavior for load balance. In this study, we propose a localized spatial...
Internet Protocol (IP) suite and Ethernet physical layer are the current trend in home and industrial systems communication protocols. Unfortunately, in the field of power line automation protocols that are in wide use in home automation applications, the lack of IP convergence leads to difficulties, because of the variety and high costs of systems and solutions that need to be integrated. This paper...
The multicast communication is one of the fundamental types of the modern network connections. Even though the concept is not new, and exists as a part of the TCP/IP protocol stack, the reality of the backbone networks has been rejecting the technology, mostly due to the economical reasons. On the other hand the development of the basic point to point connections increased the overall Internet capabilities...
The last decade has seen the emergence of the concept of converged IP networks, which make use of a multitude of heterogeneous core and access networks. We have also witnessed the proliferation of numerous multimedia services such as audio/video streaming, VoIP, or IPTV. The users' satisfaction and the perceived quality are being recognized as crucial for the successful provisioning of these services...
With an ever-increasing number of services being moved to cloud computing platforms, it is essential for data centre operators to quickly identify any problems in their network in order to ensure optimal performance and provide guidance for when actions such as migration of computing instances are required. This paper introduces a distributed measurement infrastructure using low-cost in-line link...
The use of dynamic optical circuits for IP offloading, also referred to as optical bypass, was proposed to counter overloading in IP networks caused by sudden traffic surges. Approaches proposed to date use single path routing to setup optical bypass. However, the discrete bandwidth granularities of optical circuits may lead to the so-called bandwidth mismatch issue where the capacity of an optical...
We study the effect of TCP synchronization on Optical Burst Switched (OBS) networks and its impact on capacity dimensioning. The synchronization of TCP flows appears when a burst with segments from different TCP flows is discarded, making that all TCP flows reduce their transmission rate at the same time, leading to inefficient bandwidth sharing. This paper analyzes the bandwidth capacity that needs...
With the media-independent pre-authentication (MPA), a mobile node (MN) performs the pre-authentication and pre-configuration to get the new care-of-address (nCoA) as the layer 3 handover before the layer 2 handover, in order to lessen handover delay. However, in reality, the MN may perform the layer 2 handover due to the link going down before completing the layer 3 handover. It will cause the packet...
In recent years, IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) have emerged as one of the prevailing technologies for the broadband wireless access. Although IEEE802.16 wireless network has become a newer generation of wireless network, it will be used as wireless metropolitan area network in the beginning because of its price. IEEE 802.11 network will continue to be the most important wireless...
A recent trend in routing research is to avoid inefficiencies in network level routing by allowing hosts to either choose routes themselves (e.g., source routing) or use overlay routing networks. Such end-to-end route selection schemes are selfish by nature, in that they allow end users to greedily select routes to optimize their own performance without considering the system-wide criteria. Recent...
Client-Server has several design alternatives, mainly iterative server and concurrent server. Inefficiency in the use of time and process control can be resulted from choosing a server design improperly. A server has more process control than clients as a server has to respond to multi-query and multi-processing in the same time from different client platforms such as IPv4 or IPv6. This study analyzes...
The most popular Differentiated Services composed of two key components: traffic conditioning and PHB (Per Hop Behavior). This paper addresses the affects of a packet handling mechanism LLQ (Low Latency Queuing) and several dropping schemes to quality of service in term of delay, jitter and packet loss. These schemes include RED (Random Early Detection), WRED (Weighted Random Early Detection) and...
We propose an architecture of FL-net over Ethernet for a networked control system. FL-net over Ethernet is ease of broadcast which makes nodes exchange information easily and precisely. The proposed timed token passes among control units and determines which control unit has the data transmission right. Due to the token is unique in FL-net, only one control unit can send packets at time. This makes...
Multi-homing is a new feature of SCTP not existed in UDP or TCP. It allows multiple IP addresses to be attached to a single connection to improve stability of data transfer. It significantly enhances reliability and redundancy of transport layer in several levels - from multiple physical network interface cards to complete different logical end-to-end paths. Recently, SCTP protocol was officially...
Mobile and multimedia applications are more and more used in the current Internet. For these applications, a set of Transport protocols are proposed aimed at aiding the end-to-end communication. However, to face the challenge of providing a sufficient Quality of Service (QoS) to the final users, a new generation of Transport protocols that takes into account dynamically and autonomously the evolvement...
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