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Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are occasionally-connected networks. They have high latency, long queuing time, limited resources and intermittent connectivity, which are different from traditional networks. Message Ferry (MF) scheme provides efficient data delivery for DTNs. In the MF scheme, nodes move proactively to send and receive messages. In this paper, we propose a ferry routing scheme for...
The design of a routing protocol for Unmanned Aeronautical Ad-hoc Networks (UAANETs) is a great challenge, especially due to the high mobility of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Among all routing protocols that have been designed for UAANETs, the Reactive-Greedy-Reactive (RGR) [1] protocol has been proposed as a promising routing protocol in high mobility and density-variable scenarios. However,...
An improved scheme mARQ of link layer selective retransfer is proposed to elevate the TCP performancein the wireless circumstance. This schema sets a limitation to the sum of retransfer times on the basis of the char-acteristic, that is, each data packet can be divided into several wireless frames ,so that the retransfer time of a fra-me can be allocated adaptively according to the requirement. The...
AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) Routing is an on-demand routing protocol under which few routing time is consumed when there is no communication or when the routes are already known. In some working environment such as military or expedition the large numbers of nodes are divided into some small logical local groups. The nodes in one group are always near each other while having heavy communication...
This paper introduces the design process of GARI, a novel routing protocol that incorporates cognitive networking concepts. This approach involves the monitoring of dynamic network conditions locally to adapt the routing strategy for a better performance of the global system. The result is a self-organizing network that meets the service requirements for the emerging applications of ad hoc networks.
Routing is one of the most significant challenges regarding mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Having no fixed infrastructure as well as frequent changes of network topology, as a result of nodes mobility, necessitates cooperation of all nodes in routing of packets. Lack of cooperation in routing can result in performance reduction and even network denial of service. Uncooperative behavior can be performed...
Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSNs) can be widely adopted to monitor the environment in agricultural, security and ecological applications. In most applications, besides underground sensor motes, aboveground motes are deployed to gather information. However, due to the different communication ranges of the channels, hidden terminal problem occurs when multiple underground motes send data...
As a fundamental network property, Inter-Contact Time (ICT) determines the critical performance metrics of a vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET). In this paper, we extract the contact information from the traces of Global Positioning System (GPS) from public and semi-public vehicles in a large modern city, including both buses and taxis. By exploring the spatial and temporal properties of the contact...
The lacking of a thorough understanding on the capacity in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) has been stunting their applications in the last decade. Available capacity studies focus on exploring either the order sense capacity scaling laws, the closed-form capacity under some specific routing protocols, or the exact capacity without careful consideration of wireless interference issue in MANETs. In...
Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are increasingly used to support critical services that improve traffic safety and alleviate traffic congestion. Developing VANET-based services and applications, however, is hindered due primarily to limited and often fluctuating communication capacity of VANETs that stem from the wireless and mobile nature of vehicle-tovehicle (V2V) communications. To address this...
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), which are a class of Mobile ad hoc networks, have recently been developed as a standard means of communication among moving vehicles. Congestion is one of the key issues which can restrict the Network performance, and it is no exception for VANETs. Congestion control mechanisms include three phases: congestion detection, congestion notification and rate adjustment...
Routing path restitution approach to control and tolerate the congestion in routing models for mobile ad hoc networks is proposed in this paper. Packet loss in network routing is primarily due to link failure and congestion. The majority of present congestion control solutions do not possess the ability to distinguish between packet loss due to link failure and packet loss due to congestion. Here...
Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) have been envisioned as an important solution to the next generation wireless networking which can be used in wireless community networks, wireless enterprise networks, transportation systems, home networking and last-mile wireless internet access. Many proprietary mesh solutions were developed by individual vendor but in order to interoperability; IEEE forms a task group...
Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a mutually communication based on a dispersed administration. It has a dynamic topology and there is not any central point for network management. The dynamic topology character of MANET has caused it vulnerable and defenseless to different security attacks. In this paper we study the effects of Wormhole attack on MANET using both Proactive routing protocol (OLSR)...
The field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is undergoing a major revolution, opening the prospect of significant impact in many application areas (safety, health, environment, food safety, manufacturing, telecommunications. Routing isfundamental such a network because there is no infrastructure that manages the information exchanged between network nodes. Two major classes of routing algorithms are...
This paper investigates the impact of the hop-count and node density on the network performance of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). The analysis as well as simulation results indicate that the throughput decreases significantly when the packets traverse over a long chain of hops. Especially when the link is beyond 4 hops, the throughput can only get less than 60% of the single hop throughput. In another...
Multipath routing has been proved effective in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) for coping with link failures resulting from node mobility. In wireless mesh networks (WMNs) where routers are generally static, the traffic carried by the backup paths may adversely impact other flows and the multicast group itself, because these paths increase the number of transmissions and thus the level of interference...
In order to maintain a small, stable backlog at the router buffer, active queue management (AQM) algorithms drop packets probabilistically at the onset of congestion, leading to backoffs by Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) flows. However, wireless losses may be misinterpreted as congestive losses and induce spurious backoffs. In this paper, we raise the basic question: Can AQM maintain a stable,...
In MANETs (Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks), communicating nodes are powered by batteries which could not be re-charged in many practical usage scenarios. Hence, maximizing network lifetime is a critical optimization objective in routing protocols design for MANETs. To meet this objective, energy-consumption should be balanced among all mobile nodes. In this paper, we formulate the energy-aware route discovery...
In this paper, we compare and analyze the performances of two mesh routing protocols (BATMAN-ADV and FLAME) and a WDS implementation of the IEEE 802.11, all of which run on Layer 2 of the OSI reference model. Sometimes the mesh network may simply form a linear topology to provide a service coverage to a line-shaped area. A linear topology can be built without any routing protocol involved, using WDS...
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