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Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are wireless mobile networks having intermittent connectivity among the nodes. DTN nodes mostly operate on limited battery power. Hence, in such networks, there is an immediate need to have energy efficient routing protocol, allowing the network to perform better and live longer for a message with lifetime Et and delivery probability Dp. Most of the work in DTN assumes...
In this work, we consider the problem of scheduling multicast real-time voice traffic in multi-channel, TDMA wireless mesh networks. The main challenges to solve this problem lie in (a) ensuring strict delay constraint while scheduling a real-time voice call, (b) providing admission control while maximizing the number of requests accepted and (c) scheduling a multicast voice call in an online manner...
Opportunistic networks are delay tolerant networks with sparse nodes. Nodes in an opportunistic network make use of a store-carry-and-forward method to communicate among themselves. Performance of routing protocols that have been developed for opportunistic networks vary based on the movement pattern of the nodes. This paper introduces an individual path based mobility pattern and analyzes the performance...
Blackhole and greyhole attacks can cause severe problems in Delay- and Disruption-Tolerant Networks (DTNs), where connectivity is intermittent and long delays are actually the norm. Traditional security protocols cannot completely address such problems in DTNs, hence an efficient algorithm to detect malicious nodes in DTNs is imperative. In this paper, we propose a misbehavior detection system to...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are gaining more interest in variety of applications. Of their different characteristics and challenges, network lifetime and efficiency are the most considered issues in WSN-based systems. The scarcest WSN's resource is energy, and one of the most energy-expensive operations is route discovery and data transmission. This paper presents a novel design of a cooperative...
Incorporating Networks-on-Chip (NoC) within FPGAs has the potential not only to improve the efficiency of the interconnect, but also to increase designer productivity and reduce compile time by raising the abstraction level of communication. By comparing NoC components on FPGAs and ASICs we quantify the efficiency gap between the two platforms and use the results to understand the design tradeoffs...
Transistor aging mostly due to Negative and Positive Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI and PBTI) is a major reliability threat for VLSI circuits fabricated in nanometer technology nodes. As much as FPGAs benefit from the most scaled and advanced technologies, they become more susceptible to transistor aging. In this paper, we investigate the effect of transistor aging on programmable routing resources...
Cluster-based logic blocks from most commercial FPGA products do not have an input bandwidth constraint, i.e., limiting the number of signals going from routing channels into the block. We show that high quality packing for such logic blocks can be easily achieved based on k-way partitioning. We implemented 2 such packing tools: PPack (routability-only) and its timing driven version TPPack. Experimental...
Due to their different cost structures, the architecture of switches for an FPGA packet-switched Network-on-a-Chip (NoC) should differ from their ASIC counterparts. The CONNECT network recently demonstrated several ways in which packet-switched FPGA NoCs should differ from ASIC NoCs. However, they also concluded that pipelining was not appropriate for the FPGA switches.We show that the Split-Merge...
Dual decomposition coupled with the subgradient method has found application to optimal resource management in communication networks, as it can lead to distributed and scalable algorithms. Network entities—nodes or functional layers—exchange Lagrange multipliers and primal minimizers of the Lagrangian function towards optimizing a network-wide performance metric. It is of interest to study the performance...
Data processing tasks are increasingly spread across the internet to account for the spatially distributed nature of many data sources. In order to use network resources efficiently, subtasks need to be distributed in the network so data can be filtered close to the data sources. Previous approaches to this operator placement problem relied on various heuristics to constrain the complexity of the...
In this paper, we propose congestion-aware multipath routing protocol called MAOMDV-LB for multi-radio Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN's). The protocol calculates the occurrence of congestion by monitoring and reporting average queue utilization thresholds of multiple interfaces as QoS parameter and uses multiple paths to balance the load during the periods of congestion to improve quality of service...
Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) is one of reactive routing protocol in Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) and many variants are developed based on modifying this protocol. Purposes of modification were mostly related to security and performance improvement, yet the additional processes being introduced in the modification could incur overheads to the modified AODV. The purpose of this paper is...
Cognitive Network is one of the most prevailing development directions in the future network, prominent in enhancing the utilization of the network resource. Although the research on routing mechanism in Cognitive Network arises more attention in the recent years, the current mechanism provides limited methods for ameliorating the instability performance caused by the mobility of the Cognitive Radio...
We analyze a classification of two main families of controllers that are of interest when the feedback loop is subject to switching propagation delays due to routing via a wireless multi-hop communication network. We show that we can cast this problem as a subclass of classical switching systems, which is a non-trivial generalization of classical LTI systems with time-varying delays. We consider both...
In Emergency MANETs (eMANETs), the broadcasting nature of the wireless medium, the lack of pre-established trust relationship among nodes, and the frequent topology changes, cause some serious security challenges, making the network vulnerable to malicious attacks such as wormhole attacks. This paper investigates a recently proposed Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)-based routing algorithm (so-called...
An open problem for quality of service routing management is the use of inaccurate metric information. Due to the periodic link-state updates, the router always contains out-of-date information. This paper proposes a novel framework for routing management with inaccurate information. We introduce fuzzy metric representation and the concept of non-dominance or Pareto-optimal fuzzy shortest path routing...
While optimization models for traffic engineering in multi-service networks are known, survivability is a key issue not introduced so far in consideration in such models. In this paper, the novelty and contribution is that new optimization models that address the off-line survivability-supported Traffic Engineering (TE) problem in multi-service networks are presented. In such networks traffic demands...
Cognitive Radio Ad-Hoc Network (CRAHN) is an emerging class of mobile ad hoc networks that provides each network node with a list of available channels. It is expected that the traditional routing approach will not work well in CRAHN, by which its performance may be determined by user and channel interferences, as well as by frequent topology changes. The result is varying connectivity conditions...
This paper presents aspects of process technology applicable to FPGAs. Overdrive of transistors for routing pass gates is an important performance and reliability factor. Random variation effects are significant for small arrays of configuration RAM, but small impact on performance. We discuss challenges for CRAM and switch replacement using novel technologies.
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