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The superior harmonic performance of the modular multilevel converter facilitates reduction in passive filtering requirements. However, in practice, any volume and weight reduction brought about by using smaller filtering components, is offset by the increase in stored capacitor energy inside the converter. This paper proposes injection of high-frequency circulating currents and zero-sequence voltages,...
This paper investigates the operation of a bi-directional interleaved converter. The DC-DC converter can operate both as a buck and a boost converter as per operating requirements. Design methodology for the converter operating in either modes is presented in detail. Analysis on duty cycle limits, voltage conversion ratios and efficiency including non-idealities of the converter is presented. Extensive...
Light-emitting-diodes (LEDs) are solid-state devices with specific v-i characteristics. In this paper we study the basic requirement of the driving circuits and discuss the proper approach to driving LEDs from the circuit theoretic viewpoint. We compare voltage source driving and current source driving, and discuss their relative advantages and constraints. We specifically introduce the use of duality...
This paper presents a fully integrated high precision Analog Front-End (AFE) as the readout IC for a MEMS capacitive open loop accelerometer. The design consists of continuous time Capacitance-to-Voltage Converter (CVC) followed by a low pass filter. It uses chopping technique to suppress low frequency 1/ƒ noise and achieve low offset. To ensure good PSRR and linearity the CVC employs a two stage...
High performance biosensors for the detection of bacterial in various media have been developed using magnetostrictive/magnetoelastic resonators (MSRs). An MSR is a strip of magnetostrictive alloy coated with biological molecular recognition unit, such as antibody and phage. The sensor is based on the change in its resonant frequency. Therefore, it is critical to determine the resonant frequency of...
The thermal management is important not only for semiconductor components, but for discrete capacitors as well. In this paper a new measurement setup is presented that adopts the thermal transient measurement technique for capacitor components. The measurement method is demonstrated on a through-hole ceramic capacitor and validated using CFD simulations. It is also shown that using the structure function...
This paper proposes a DC-DC converter for ultra-low power battery management. The proposed circuit consists of a switched capacitor converter (SCC) and self-biased linear regulator (SBLR). The SBLR monitors an output load current and controls the switching frequency of the SCC to achieve both ultra-low stand-by power and wide load current capability. Measurement results demonstrated that the converter...
This paper presents an area-efficient and fast-response CMOS Hall sensor system for a camera autofocus system. The prototype comprises of a Hall sensor and a capacitively-coupled instrumentation amplifier (CCIA). The Hall sensor adopts the spinning current technique to mitigate the Hall element offset. In the CCIA, the T-capacitor network is employed considering the capacitor matching requirement...
The complete inrush current elimination depends on the veracity of the residual flux prediction for transformers. The precedent methods cannot satisfy the increasingly strict engineering requirements. Considering the chopping current and shunt capacitor influence on residual flux, a method for predicting residual flux based on the dynamic Jiles Atherton hysteresis model is proposed in this paper by...
This paper deals with the observability analysis and the observer design for the multicellular converter by taking into account its hybrid behavior. Firstly, we study the observability by using the recent results of the geometric approach, this study provides a simple necessary and sufficient condition of the observability of the converter for a given switching sequence. Secondly, we show the gathering...
Paper presents a practical solution to improve power factor in a textile plant substation using a power factor controller with six capacitors banks. A wireless signaling installation was developed to display the capacitor banks connection to the substation's grid. The power factor controller was implemented into practice. Experimental measurements were made with a power quality analyzer operating...
This paper presents an efficient on-chip switched-capacitor DC-DC buck converter targeting μW power range applications. The proposed switched-capacitor converter has an input of 1.2V and generates multiple output voltage levels, namely 1V, 0.8V and 0.6V based on two digital bits. In addition, the switched-capacitor converter has the capability to drive a wide range of load currents from 10μA to 800μA...
Investigations on direct current (DC) circuit breakers (CB) become more and more important. The major challenges of DC CBs compared to alternating current (AC) CBs are the lack of a natural current zero and the required absorption of the energy in the system. With an artificial current zero created by a parallel commutation path a vacuum interrupter (VI) can handle this duty. The commutation path...
Rogowski coil has been applied widely in the field of lightning current measurement, because it has good linearity, no saturation phenomenon, as well as the electrical isolation between the primary side and secondary side. This paper mainly introduces three kinds of Rogowski coil applied in lightning current collection, and also analyzes and compares them with experiment. We can select the appropriate...
This paper introduces a novel hardware-efficient auto-tuned output capacitor current and time-constant estimator for indirect energy transfer converters, which is based on well-known principle of the utilization of an auxiliary RC circuit and time constant matching. To provide accurate current measurement and early fault detection of the system while avoiding complex calculations/hardware usually...
A real-time monitoring device of transformer DC bias current was presented in this paper, which can effectively improve the early warning capacity of transformer DC bias. It is consisted with compass module, GPRS module, Hall current sensor and so on. The main components, functions and technical specifications of this device are introduced. At present, there are some suppression measures of transformer...
This paper introduces the design of a Marx Generator that can generate high attitude pulses up to 25 kV and 2.5 kA. The pulses have a wave shape representative of that used to test High-altitude ElectroMagnetic (HEMP) filters against the pulse current injection (PCI) requirements. The rise time is 20 ns and the pulse width is 230 ns on a 10 Ω resistor. In the design, it was found that parasitic effect...
Series of commissioning tests are needed before UHV transmission system putting into operation. In this paper, with the characteristics of Huainan-Shanghai 1000kV transmission system, electromagnetic transient simulation results and experimental data portion commissioning tests were compared and analyzed. Three typical experiments were studied, including the switching capacitor of low-voltage side...
A dynamic state estimation (DSE) based protection algorithm using weighted least square (WLS) method was introduced recently. In this paper, the DSE-based protection algorithm using constraint weighted least squares (CWLS) method is applied to capacitor bank protection. This approach monitors the health status of the capacitor bank by fitting real time measurements to the capacitor bank dynamic model...
This paper presents a modification of a test bench which has been built for device characteristation. The test bench is able to measure the static losses (blocking and forward conduction) and the dynamic losses (turn on and turn off). To have a comparison of devices designed for soft-switching applications and devices for converters in hard-switching applications the existing test bench is modified...
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