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To improve the bioavailability and targeting effect to hepatic cells of volatile oil from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz, the volatile oil was incorporated into liposomes by a improved process of rapid expansion of supercritical solutions (RESS). In this process, the liposomal materials and the volatile oil were dissolved in the mixture of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2)/ethanol and then the...
The bioremediation of the heavy oil is often limited by high viscosity and low bioavailability. The aim of the present study was to find methods for enhancing rates of heavy oil biodegradation. Biodegradation of heavy oil by mixed bacterial consortium (BC) amended with Glycolipid biosurfactant (GBS) was monitored in shake flask conditions, which showed a significant reduction of the heavy oil at two...
Five elements (iron, manganese, copper, zinc and lead) in three surficial sediments (SSs) and three natural surface coating samples (NSCSs) from the Songhua River, northeast of China were analyzed with the modified sequential extraction procedure (MSEP) to compare the metal distribution and bioavailability in the two solid phases. The results indicated that Cu was present mainly in the bound to organic...
In this work, the pollution characters of phosphorus in the two lakes are discussed. The average concentrations of TDP, DRP and DOP in the Wuliangsuhai Lake were higher than those of the Daihai Lake. The DOP concentrations account for not less than 60% of the total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) and the DOP pools in the overlying water of the two lakes are of 12t and 10t respectively. The contents of...
Two degradation metabolites of benzo(a)pyrene(BaP), cis-BP4,5-dihydrodiol and cis-BP7,8-dihydrodiol, were identified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with standards. Both BaP and the two metabolites were well-known toxic compounds. The effect of a nonionic surfactant-Tween80 (TW80) on the degradation of the above three compounds by Bacillus-07, in aqueous phase, was studied. The...
The primary objective of this project was to develop orally active cefotaxime sodium (CS) in Eudragit S100 polymer using a pH-sensitive nanoprecipitation method. An aqueous dispersion of the particles was administered orally to fasted Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats against control. Plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters within 6h post-dosing were better for the nanoparticles. To evaluate the...
The aim of the study was to determine the changes in the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content during the forced-aeration composting of anaerobic digested sludge and sawdust. The content of 16 PAHs and some physical-chemical properties in composting products were monitored. Composting showed an efficient decrease of the content and the bioavailability of individual PAH. The total PAH content...
Vanadium was a trace element, which may be biologically beneficial and possibly essential but certainly harmful to human beings and some living organisms if excessive. In order to investigate potentially environmental risk of vanadium, a total of 46 topsoil samples were collected in dry and wet season in Panzhihua urban park. The concentration of bioavailable vanadium in wet season was higher than...
Soil with combined pollutants of phenanthrene (phe) and lead (Pb) or with either of them were composted in three laboratory reactors to study the degradation of phe and the reduction of the solubility and bioavailability of Pb during composting. The change of the residual ratio of phe, the transformation of Pb, and the parameters of composting including pH and volatile solids (VS) were investigated...
A technique to coat three dimensional surfaces with silicon nanowires was used to create test devices to characterize the adhesion of microspheres to a model of the human intestine with the end goal of increasing bioavailability in drug delivery. Results indicate negligible toxicity and significant improvements in adhesion over conventional technologies.
Immortalized human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) were cultured in vitro. Cells were observed under phase-contrast microscope and the integrity of cells monolayer was determined by transepithelia electrical resistance (TEER). A permeability of diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) through a HCECs monolayer was compared with that of DDC through an excised rabbit cornea. The permeability coefficients of DDC...
A major limitation of land application of compost is the potential heavy metal pollution, and lead (Pb) has been recognized as one of the most hazardous heavy metal. To reduce the hazards of Pb to the compost application, composting of Pb- polluted wastes by inoculating white-rot fungi was investigated. The parallel waste composting with no inoculants was performed as control. The form distribution...
Realgar, one of mineral drugs in Chinese traditional medicines has attracted an increasing attention because of its prominent anti-tumor effect. However, new challenges for improving its bioavailability has to be faced. Our previous studies have demonstrated that realgar nanoparticles may provide a less toxic agent for anti-neoplasia by suppressing angiogenesis. In the present study, we improved milling...
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