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This paper describes a watermarking method to directly embed information into a CABAC entropy coded H.264/AVC stream. In theory, modification of a part of an arithmetically coded stream will cause the rest of the stream to be misinterpreted and thus become undecodable. However, the method presented in this paper exploits a feature in the fixed-point integer implementation of the arithmetic coding...
H.264/MPEG-4 AVC uses motion prediction with fractional-pixel precision to reduce the temporal redundancy that often exists in a video signal. Previously, it has been shown that Adaptive Interpolation Filter (AIF) methods can significantly improve coding performance compared to the fixed interpolation filters used by existing codecs by adaptively tuning the motion interpolation filters to the video...
In this demo, a low power H.264/AVC video encoding system is demonstrated for surveillance video compression, which is based on our proposed algorithms as difference detection and Hilbert transform based workload estimation. Two surveillance video coding schemes (with and without our proposed methods, respectively) are implemented on multi-core embedded platform and compared side by side. The power...
In H.264/AVC, multiple reference frames are adopted to enhance inter-predictive coding efficiency of motion estimation/compensation. However, memory cost is also increased with the number of used reference frames. This work presents a size-controllable memory reduction method to accommodate multiple reference frames at a limited memory size. This scheme is to store some of Macro-Blocks (MBs) as compressed...
To objectively evaluate the coding efficiency of video codecs, Bjøntegaard Delta PSNR (BD-PSNR) was proposed. Based on the rate-distortion (R-D) curve fitting, BD-PSNR is able to provide a good evaluation of the R-D performance. However, BD-PSNR has a critical drawback: It doesn't take the coding complexity into account. Clearly for practical video applications, especially for those on handheld devices,...
Flexible Macroblock Ordering (FMO) is one of the new error resilience tools introduced in H264/AVC. Several slice grouping methods have been studied for improving error robustness using FMO. In this paper, a simple and fast slice grouping method for inter frames is introduced. Fast mode decision and early Skip Mode decision are applied for the first encoding pass, and only the features that are available...
In this paper, we proposed an intra 16×16 line-by-line (LbL) prediction. First, we find suitable quantization parameters (QP) for the high resolution videos without the significant subjective quality degradation. Then, we show that closer reference pixels give better prediction through the experiment. Using this observation, we propose an improved intra prediction method. In the proposed method, the...
In this paper, we will present and discuss selected results obtained for the ESA study on “Scalable Video Coding Applications and Technologies for mobile satellite based hybrid networks”. The reference use case under investigation concerns the exploitation of heterogeneous reception conditions on a DVB-SH satellite link via scalability and unequal error protection.
The ongoing increase of computing performance facilitates a higher algorithmical complexity in video coding systems. The decoder may be able to estimate or derive prediction parameters based on the previously decoded signal. In this paper we present an extension to H.264/AVC where the explicit coding of motion parameters is adaptively replaced by a template matching algorithm that is performed identically...
H.264/AVC employs intra prediction to reduce spatial redundancy between neighboring blocks. Different directional prediction modes are used to cater diversified video content. Although it achieves quite high coding efficiency, it is desirable to establish a proper theoretical quantization error model under different prediction modes, since this allows us to explain the behavior of existing codecs...
In this paper, a novel method for fast protection of AVS video coding standard alongwith compression is presented. Here the problems of compression and selective encryption (SE) have been simultaneously addressed for AVS part-2 Jizhun profile. It is performed in the context-based 2D variable length coding (C2DVLC) module of video codec. SE is performed by using the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)...
In this paper, we propose a unified loop filter for high-performance video coding, which suppresses the quantization noise optimally and improves the objective and subjective quality of the reconstructed picture simultaneously. The proposed filter unifies nonlinear enhancement filter (for removing blocking and ringing artifacts) and linear restoration filter (for improving coding efficiency) within...
H.264 Scalable Video Coding (SVC) is an extension to the Advanced Video Coding (AVC) H.264 standard which provides efficient scalability functionalities on top of the high coding efficiency of H.264/AVC. SVC allows for temporal, spatial, and quality scalability of the output video stream, encoding the video information into an H.264/AVC base layer and a series of enhancement layers which incrementally...
Conventional rate control schemes focus on making output bit rate approach a target value and are deficient in ensuring a higher quality of ROI (Region of Interest) than others in a frame. In this paper, we propose a new scheme for H.264/AVC, aiming to allocate more bit resource for the encoding of ROI and still maintain the accuracy of the output bit rate. ROI-based rate control algorithms can find...
In this paper, a frame level rate control algorithm is proposed with a novel Rate-Quantization (R-Q) model for H.264/AVC. Firstly, a two-stage rate control scheme is adopted to decouple the inter-dependency between Rate Distortion Optimization (RDO) and rate control. Secondly, in order to predict the frame complexity accurately, instead of the Mean Absolute Difference (MAD) of the residual signal,...
H.264/AVC video encoding standard is a successful video compression standard after the MPEG-2/H.262. It's received much attention from academic and industrial fields. In this paper, rate control algorithm is discussed. By noticing that the H.264/AVC rate control algorithm has some disadvantages, two frame layer rate control improvement strategies are proposed in this paper, which are based on the...
Different data hiding methods would be required in different operating environments. To improve the quality of videos embedded by data, this paper will apply the differences of matching blocks in the H.264 encoder during the inter prediction stage and enforce the size of the matching blocks to implement data hiding. Bit rate increases after being embedded by data, to resolve the problem, this paper...
The bit error and packet loss in unreliable channels such as Internet and wireless networks lead the quality of video data unacceptable, which force us to take the network adaptive transmission into account. In this paper, we firstly propose a novel Greedy Spread (GS) ROI extraction method to extract ROI effectively, and then the network state changing is quickly perceived without occupying additional...
Since the data size of the multi-view video increases at a linear speed with the increase of cameras number, it is necessary to compress multi-view video data for efficient storage and transmission. An efficient typical multi-view video coding (MVC) coding scheme can exploit temporal, as well as inter-view dependencies between adjacent cameras. This paper discusses the correlation of views and temporal...
A new method for the automatic detection of moving objects directly in the H.264 compressed domain is proposed in this paper. The method takes advantage of the multiple block sizes, which are used during the inter-mode decision by the H.264 encoder. The different blocks/sub-blocks are combined with their associated motion vectors in order to denote a moving object. The method works in the compressed...
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