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The performance and scaling behavior of an electro- mechanical diode non-volatile memory cell design is presented. Prototype electro-mechanical diodes are demonstrated to operate with relatively low set/reset voltages and excellent retention characteristics, and are multi-time programmable. Scaling to sub-20 nm feature size is projected. Due to its simplicity, this new cell design is attractive for...
Lead-free (LF) solder joints of portable devices are frequently subjected to unintentional drop, bend, shear and thermal cycling loading during transportation, handling, and usage. Various underfills are widely used in the electronics industry to deal with these challenges, however, the above approaches have some intrinsic shortcomings such as high material costs, low manufacturing assembly rate,...
The frame three-dimensional entity model of a formula racing car is established on CATIA software platform, and is analyzed by finite element through the ANSYS software. Through the analysis of the static typical working conditions of the frame (bending and torsion conditions of the frame), find the affluent parts of the strength and stiffness of the frame, reduce the number of pipe fittings and diminish...
High torque density Permanent Magnet machine are widely used in practice. However, the rising cost of high energy rare earth permanent magnet material stimulates the needs for electrical machines using less or no permanent magnet. Double Stator Switched Reluctance Machine is a novel high torque density reluctance machine. This paper provides a comparison between surface mount Permanent Magnet Synchronous...
We present the design, analysis, and experimental validation of a variable stiffness device based on annular dielectric electroactive polymer (EAP) actuators. The device is based on a diaphragm geometry, which partially linearizes the viscoelastic response of acrylic dielectrics, providing voltage-controlled stiffness without high damping losses. Multiple diaphragms can be connected in a single device...
The problem of approaching with high precision contact two generally actuated objects or work-pieces in industrial environment is discussed in a large parameter range. It is first noticed that main three actuation systems, electrical, pneumatic and hydraulic, obey the same type of equations which are coupled to object dynamics including its specific material reaction. For complete safety, especially...
This paper discusses existing military capability models and proposes a comprehensive capability meta-model (CCMM) which unites the existing capability models into an integrated and hierarchical whole. The Zachman Framework for Enterprise Architecture is used as a structure for the CCMM. The CCMM takes into account the abstraction level, the primary area of application, stakeholders, intrinsic process,...
The low-speed maglev train adopts the single-sided, compound-secondary linear induction motors (LIMs) due to their simple construction and low cost. Since they not only produce thrust force to drive the train, but also the normal force to affect the levitation system, both two forces and their influences are analyzed. Based on an improved analytical equivalent method which considering primary iron...
The traveling wave ultra-sonic motor (TWUSM) is operated through the frictional force between the rotor and the stator. Hence, the contact mechanism must be analyzed to estimate the performance of the motor. However, the nonlinearity of the contact mechanism of the TWUSM makes it difficult to suggest a proper contact model and a characteristic analysis method. To address these problems, a novel contact...
A biomimetic tactile sensor (BTS) is developed from strips of electrically conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs) mixed in a polymer matrix that is embedded within a flexible polyurethane shell. The mechanical compliance of the BTS is similar to the human fingertip. Experiments are performed which show that the BTS can be used to detect slip and the direction that slip occurs by examining the relative...
In order to investigate the effect of the bonding parameters on the reliability of Al heavy wire bonds, samples were bonded with three different ultrasonic power levels and three different bonding force levels. The samples were exposed to active power cycling with a temperature swing of 120K (measured at the chip center). Each wire bond??s individual temperature swing was determined by IR thermography...
In Atomic Force Microscopy, the tip-sample interaction force contains information about the sample topology, material properties and tip geometry. However, quantitative measurement of the time-varying tip-sample interaction forcing function is challenging in the tapping mode because of the combined dynamic complexities of the cantilever and nonlinear complexity of the tip-sample force. In this paper,...
Cu pillar bumps are known to be one of the most promising candidates for the fine pitch interconnection materials because they do not cause bump bridging between adjacent bumps.[1] Also, Cu pillar bump is widely adopted as chip-to-substrate or chip-to-chip interconnect in 3D integration as well as flip chip package [2]. However, Cu pillar bump makes excessive intermetallic compound (IMC) and Kirkendall...
In order for the activity area and application range for robots to expand significantly, it is preferable that robots have a soft outer cover and absorb smaller impact from contact with humans or their surroundings. Although self-protection is a very important function and inevitably required for robust robot architecture, simply introducing thick ”flesh” to a robot tends to impede movability and...
This paper describes a mathematical model of a rubberless pneumatic artificial muscle. This artificial muscle has characteristics resembling those of a McKibben-type artificial muscle. Because of its exclusion of rubber material, however, the rubberless artificial muscle can be driven by low pressure. Although it uses a braided mesh similar to that of a McKibben artificial muscle, its contractive...
This paper describes a four-axis flexible force sensor using conductive material. The contact part of this sensor is composed of silicon rubber. The measurement part of this sensor is composed of three layers including the conductive material which is made of mixture of polycarbonate and vapor grown carbon fiber (PC/VGCF). The PC/VGCF is used as a pressure-sensitive material. In addition, neural network...
In this paper the effective performance parameters of micro-nano grippers like material specifications, displacement amplification factor, jaws motion characteristic, aspect ratio, micro actuators specification, number of degrees of freedom and so on are attained and studied. These operation indexes can be used for designing the new optimized micro-nano grippers. Using these operation indexes a novel...
Electrostatic Adhesion (ESA) was chosen as the surface attachment mechanism for Wall Climbing Robot (WCR) for its qualitative advantages. ESA model was developed to account for both parallel-plane and fringing static fields. Such Electrostatic Pad model yields equations governing the ESA force and the geometrical conditions for maximum ESA pressure per pad area. This paper shows that the parameters...
This paper describes a skill assist method based on an energy control that employs a semi-active assist mechanism. For this mechanism, we have developed a soft and flexible power assist device that consists of elastic materials and a small DC motor. The assist force is the elastic force of the elastic materials, and this force is controlled by adjusting the length of the elastic materials by means...
The development of the instrumented indentation testing robot for bio materials with micro surface hardness and stiffness test is described. This micro surface measurement system is composed of the piezo-driven micro-robot with the indenter that can move to the measurement area precisely step by step with 1 μm per step on a metal plate and camera base coordinate measurement instruments. The position...
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