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In sensor networks, small sensor nodes which are distributed in an area send various data and send them to the sink node by multi-hop transmission. The sensor networks cover various application fields such as safety management, health management, grasping of nature environment, military and so on. The sensor networks will be used as a technique for constructing ubiquitous society because of low cost...
Cross-layer design approaches explore the benefits of information exchange between different layers of the network stack. In this paper, we present a cross-layer design approach to support multi-hop and multi-packet routing in asynchronous networks. This is achieved by realizing implicit temporary synchronization at the MAC layer while using multi-hop, multi-packet routing information, and current...
Event-based systems are typically characterized by having long periods of sleep and short abrupt periods of high data traffic when an event is detected. High throughput event-based sensor network applications are severely limited by the medium access control layer. EVA-MAC is a medium access control that is tailored specifically for event based systems. In event-based systems, multiple sensors that...
The growing popularity of sensor networks has resulted in the creation of various MAC protocols, each optimized for a different set of application requirements. However, all of these heterogeneous MAC protocols are designed under the assumption that all nodes in the wireless environment use a common MAC protocol. When multiple sensor networks are deployed in the same wireless environment, this assumption...
CAM-MAC proposed recently is a well designed wireless multichannel MAC protocol. By cooperating with neighbor nodes and using relative time instead of absolute time, CAM-MAC performs better than most of other multichannel MACs and do not need global synchronization. The deficiency of CAM-MAC is that it has not broadcast mechanism and thus, fails to exploit the broadcast nature of wireless medium and...
Most of the existing media access control protocols for cognitive radio networks are based on global dedicated common control channel (GCC). They use GCC to negotiate for data channels and to protect incumbents. The GCC is prone to saturation problem, DoS attack and wasteful of bandwidth resource. Further, it may be not available in some practical cost-sensitive applications. In this paper, we present...
EML-MAC is a new TDMA based Medium Access Control MAC protocol designed to improve the energy efficiency of the WSN nodes by improving the time slot synchronization algorithm for ML-MAC. The proposed slot assignment algorithm reduces duplicate slot assignment by reducing slot collision. This reduces the duty cycle of the transceiver by improving the handshaking process and reducing the number of transition...
The need for a reduction in healthcare cost has escalated over the past decade. Therefore, preventive medicine through remote health monitoring and Body Area Networks has gained more attention. In this paper a novel Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol, called Pulsed-MAC or simply PMAC, is introduced to efficiently manage wireless communications in Body Area Networks. PMAC notably extends the network...
Emerging areas of body sensor networks (BSNs) include closed-loop applications with the need for a frequent exchange of sensor data between implanted and/or body-worn devices. An example is the Artificial Accommodation System, a set of two micro-mechatronic systems implanted into the capsular bags of the eyes, which require continuous exchange of sensor data at 10 Hz. This paper will present a light-weight...
In wireless sensor networks??Cthe Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol is one of the key. Network Protocols designed to ensure the normal network communications. Compared with the traditional MAC Protocol, limited battery energy on sensors determines the sensor network MAC Protocol to be energy-efficient of the Primary design goal. This Paper Proposes a contention window adaptive MAC protocol based...
In this paper, a novel TDMA and multi-hop medium access control protocol for cluster-based wireless sensor networks is presented. The communication protocol between cluster head and cluster nodes is developed from the Lightweight Medium Access Protocol (LMAC), but it makes up the defect of the poor network scalability of LMAC which cause from the fixed number of sensor nodes by adding a request slot...
In this paper, we present a dual-radio framework for implementing MAC protocols in wireless sensor networks. The framework is based on the observation that MAC operations can be categorized into time-dependent and bandwidth-dependent. Unlike existing dual-radio systems, we do not propose a new MAC protocol. Instead, we show how a given MAC protocol can be re-implemented using a dual-radio framework...
Current CSMA-based MAC protocols for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) do not support prioritized channel access and often suffer from varying degrees of starvation and fairness problems. That is, with a little bad luck, a sensor node might have to wait arbitrarily long to send its frame, and thus results in the invisibility of some sensed area. In this paper we introduce a simple, but yet well performing...
In this paper we present an energy efficient priority based MAC protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). We abbreviate it as PRIMA. The PRIMA protocol consists of two phases; a clustering phase and a channel access phase. Clustering the senor network makes the MAC protocol to handle well network scalability issues. The channel access is composed of a hybrid mode of TDMA and CSMA. CSMA mode is...
Achieving low latency and high energy efficiency are critical requirements in many of sensor network applications. Combining the duty cycling mechanism and multi-hop transmission is one of the solutions to this problem. Multi-hop protocols such as demand wakeup MAC (DW-MAC) schedule data transmissions during the sleep period. In so doing, a data packet can traverse multiple hops within a single operational...
Wireless sensor networks deployed nowadays are traditionally mono-stack: they are operating according to a single combination of one MAC protocol and one network (NWK) protocol. This work proposes a new multi-stack architecture in which several combinations of MAC and NWK protocols are used. This can be achieved by dividing time into time-intervals and activating different combinations during each...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have appealed to researchers due to their wide range of application areas such as target detection and tracking, environment monitoring, and tactical systems. For WSNs, various medium access control (MAC) protocols with different objectives have been proposed. Designing energy-efficient MAC protocols has a significant influence on the network lifetime in WSNs. However,...
In the MAC protocols based on the S-MAC scheme, usually the combination of periodic sleep/listen scheduling and four-way handshake mechanism is employed to reduce idle listening and avoid interference. However, this combination greatly degrades network capacity and results in high end-to-end latency. In this paper, we propose Adaptive IAMAC to increase channel utilization and improve communication...
To design energy efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for maximizing the network lifetime in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), is evolving as a challenging portal in research area. The overall radio energy inherently depends on network workload as well as the radio characteristics. Therefore, we have proposed a Dynamic Power Control MAC (DPCMAC) protocol which supports variable power level...
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