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Spośród nowotworów gałki ocznej u psów i kotów stosunkowo częstymi zmianami są te, które wywodzą się z tkanki barwnikotwórczej. Do najważniejszych nowotworów w tej lokalizacji zalicza się melanocytomy rąbka rogówki, melanocytomy błony naczyniowej oraz rozsiane czerniaki tęczówki u kotów. Zmiany charakteryzują się różnym pochodzeniem, obrazem histologicznym, a także zachowaniem biologicznym. Poza obecnością...
Aqueous humor is produced by the ciliary body by active secretion and filtration of plasma. Most of the aqueous humor flows from the posterior chamber, through the pupil, to the anterior chamber, and goes out at the iridocorneal angle into the intrascleral venous plexus. The balance between formation and drainage maintains intraocular pressure. In glaucoma the pressure in the eye increased. Prolonged...
The eyelids represent a structure composed of skin and cutaneous appendages, including hair follicles and glandular structures. The eyelids and ocular adnexa comprise the primary surface defence for the globe, specifically the cornea. There are three main forms of ciliary disorders: distichiasis, trichiasis and ectopic cilia. The abnormally placed hairs irritate the cornea. The affected eye will become...
Entropium i Ektropium zaliczają się do powszechnie spotykanych przypadków okulistycznych u psów i kotów. Są przyczyną wielu poważnych powikłań, a nie leczone doprowadzić mogą do utraty wzroku. Prawidłowe rozpoznanie jest warunkiem zastosowania odpowiedniej procedury chirurgicznej, prowadzącej do pełnego wyleczenia.
Physical and functional abnormalities of the lids or adnexal ocular structures may result in abnormalities of the cornea and subsequently vision. Cancer begins when normal cells start to change and grow uncontrollably, forming a mass called a tumor. Eyelid tumors can be either benign or malignant. The most common malignant eyelid tumors include basal cell carcinoma, sebaceous gland carcinoma, squamous...
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