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Low power induction machines usually have the drawback of low efficiency and power factor. Line-start permanent magnet synchronous machines represent a good candidate at replacing them in constant speed applications. This paper presents the results obtained using a finite element analysis software package. The study aims to present the load-start performances and the generator capabilities of a 3...
It is well-known that in the area of encoderless control methods for AC-drives a single approach is not capable to cover all speed ranges and all types of machines. Therefore, a combination of several methods is necessary. Especially in the case of electrically excited synchronous machines, the methods proposed for the low speed region and for the detection of the initial rotor position fail for many...
The paper proposes an implementation of a motion sensorless control system in a very wide speed range — from zero speed operation, based on direct and quadrature inductance components of the stator flux linkage for the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor-IPMSM, without signal injection. The proposed observer is developed using the Lyapunov design, resulting a scheme with a full observer for...
The permanent magnet materials are better, particularly after the neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnets were discovered. These improvements have made line start permanent magnet synchronous machines (LSPMSM) more popular. The line start permanent magnet synchronous machine has several advantages such as a maintenance-free operation, high controllability, robustness against the environment, high power...
Various applications need an electric machine that can provide a wide range of torque over a broad range of rotation speed and temperature. Dynamic testing, where the machine acceleration is compared to the deceleration slope, allows to scan through a wide scope of operation points with insignificant temperature rise. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to analyse the consistency of the rapid experimental...
New combination of an electrical machine and a two-step planetary gear for high torque traction applications is introduced. This kind of a machine can act as a propulsion motor for working machines such as e. q. agricultural tractor that needs to generate very high traction forces and also higher travelling speeds. The technology also suits in some road vehicle use e.g. for buses or trucks. Detailed...
The dynamic testing method, as an alternative to traditional bench testing against a brake, has proven to be a fast, convenient, yet accurate way of characterizing electrical machines. By measuring the speed and the currents and voltages while alternatively accelerating and decelerating the electrical machine it is possible to obtain its torque and flux linkage characteristics dynamically. This article...
This paper presents an experimental method to identify the electric parameters of permanent magnet excited Transverse Flux Machines. The underlying dynamic lumped parameter model describes the fundamental frequency behavior and its harmonics. The harmonic composition of the stator voltage equation is analyzed for a purely sinusoidal current in order to derive the model parameters. A harmonic current...
This paper presents an enhanced Permeance Network Model (PNM) for embedded permanent magnet synchronous machines. PNMs are characterized by very fast and accurate results. Furthermore, this approach overcomes some weaknesses associated to analytical models, such as the impossibility of accurately predicting the embedded magnet machines behavior or taking into account the nonlinear behavior of the...
Nowadays, new topologies and applications lead to higher permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) rotor losses, which can cause magnet heating and even fully demagnetization. Though exists a good deal of magnet loss estimation strategies some of them, based in FEM, are very time consuming to be applied in motor design processes and most of the analytical models are difficult to use or only take...
In recent years, there is an increasing interest in adopting synchronous reluctance machines for several applications. This is due to two main factors. The first is the increasing and highly variable cost of rare-earth permanent magnet (PM), such as NdFeB and SmCo. The second is the requirement for more efficient machines with respect to induction machines in general applications. However, a drawback...
This paper is about an analytical computation method for a transverse flux permanent magnet excited machine. The analytical computation method makes use of a magnetic equivalent circuit with lumped elements considering saturation. The magnetic values of the magnetic equivalent circuit are solved via nodal analysis. Having the entire magnetic equivalent circuit of one pole pair of the transverse flux...
In this article issues related to the analysis of machine vibration PMSM based on waveforms of back-EMF have been presented. Computer calculations have been carried out using FEM software. The results are presented in the form of hodographs in stationary reference frame. The correctness of the calculations was confirmed by laboratory tests. The obtained results allow to conclude that the intensity...
The saturation in the stator teeth of an 18-slots 16-poles TC-PMSM with sinusoidal current supply caused by the interaction of armature reaction fluxes and rotor-PM-produced fluxes is studied. It is found that under load some teeth are saturated deeper than others. An increase in the width of these teeth reduces the oversaturation, which locally prevents the decrease in the inductance and back-EMF,...
A flux-weakening predictive control algorithm (FWPC) is proposed in this paper with the aim of extending Constant-Power Speed Range (CPSR) of Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (SPMs). The proposed FWPC is developed on the basis of an accurate SPM sampled-data model and consists of appropriately exploiting the DC-link voltage reserve that is generally set aside for dynamic purpose...
This paper investigates the static demagnetization behavior of flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machines during normal operating conditions. A combination of spatial harmonic analysis, magnetic equivalent circuits, and finite element (FE) analysis has been used to study the flux paths associated with the stator windings and their interaction with the permanent magnets (PMs) located on the stator...
Flux-Switching machines (FSM) have been gaining attention during the last decade. Their electromagnetic behavior has been extensively studied for various topologies, i.e. U-core and E-core, simple (wound field or PM) and hybrid excitations FSM machines. Even though noise and vibrations of electromagnetic origins can be important drawbacks, depending on the application, only few studies are analyzing...
Multiple-air-gap permanent magnet (PM) generators with iron cores are analysed for application in wind turbines. Electromagnetic analysis of a double-stator, radial-flux, low-speed PM generator with concentrated windings using time-stepping finite element analysis is presented. Two design variants — with magnetic and non-magnetic rotor yokes — are considered. Magnetic flux density, output electrical...
This paper examines synchronous machines, whose excitation axis and reluctance axis can have an arbitrary angle. Basic equations for this machine type are set up and control strategies for maximum torque are derived. By using a normalized representation, it will be shown that machines with displacement angles of about 60° need up to 10% less permanent magnet material than conventional machines while...
To date, flux switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machines have been treated due to their high torque capability. This paper investigates the suitability of FSPM for servo applications in terms of acceleration, stall torque and thermal overloading capability. The effect of different design parameters is investigated on a 3-phase 12/10 FSPM. Based on the determined key design parameters, a prototype...
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