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Information about tlie torque produced by an electrical motor is needed in many applications such as hybrid drivetrains and in some applications where the shaft torque cannot be measured directly e.g. because of vibrations or other physical limitations. This paper investigates the torque determination accuracy using the voltage and current time domain data obtained from motor terminals using a power...
This paper proposes a ferrite dual-stator spoke type Vernier permanent magnet machine (DSSVPMM) using a drum rotor for low speed applications. The drum rotor offers supports on both sides of the machine, significantly improving the rotor alignment, the rotor rigidity and stability. The inner stator windings are completely removed and shifted to the outer stator so that the heat produced by the inner...
This paper presents a novel design optimization method for a new spoke type variable-flux motor. The optimization method comprises analytical and finite element based levels. For the analytical step, a new analytical design criterion based on the desired magnetization current and the desired torque mean value is proposed and verified through the finite element simulation. The rotor configuration is...
This paper proposes an active temperature management scheme for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (IPMSM) drives based on the model predictive control concept. The proposed control scheme can adaptively set torque limit based on thermal state of the machine in order to limit the machine winding and end-winding temperatures. A temperature feedback loop is also adopted to compensate the...
One of the major topics of switched reluctance machines (SRMs) is how to reduce the acoustic noise and vibration without the decrease in efficiency. In this paper, a novel current profiling method is proposed to reduce the rms current while flatting the radial force sum to reduce the acoustic noise and vibration. The proposed method is adopted to the 18/12 SRM which has the competitive outer dimensions,...
This paper presents a dq0 flux-linkage based electrical model for permanent-magnet synchronous machines. To obtain the relationship between dq0 flux-linkages and currents, a series of magnetostatic finite-element calculations for various dq0 currents at different rotor positions is carried out. This dataset has then to be inverted to avoid having to derive the flux-linkages in Simulink, thus improving...
A Ladybird High Speed Synchronous Reluctance Machine (LB-HS-SynRM) with deterministic rotor parameterization has been studied. The primary aim is to derive design rules for SynRM optimization with a novel Ladybird rotor topology. The second goal is to investigate the effect of parameters on machine performance. The 3D nature of the rotor can only be handled by 3D FEM simulations, therefore, 3D FEM...
The modulated pole machine (MPM) is known to offer high torque density utilizing permanent magnets and a three dimensional flux pattern. However, their construction requires a departure from conventional coil wound teeth formed of lamination stacks which can be a challenge. In this paper three construction techniques for MPM stators are compared: pure soft magnetic composite, pure lamination and a...
This paper proposes a super twisting sliding mode control technique for linear induction motors (LIMs) with unknown load torque, taking into consideration the dynamic end effects. First, LIM's dynamic end effects are presented by Ducan's T-model, then following this model is controlled by a designed super twisting controller (STC) for flux tracking and speed tracking purpose. Simultaneously, an open...
Nowadays, with the increasing concerns on global environment pollution and energy security, electric vehicles (EVs) have been regarded as the potential to offer a solution for transportation [1].
Since vernier permanent-magnet machine (VPMM) has the merit of low-speed operation with high output torque due to the “magnetic-gearing” effect [1], they have been used in the direct-drive applications such as wind power generator, electric vehicle/hybrid electric vehicle (EV/HEV) [2,3].
Permanent magnet (PM) machines have found wide applications from automotive to aerospace over the past four decades since they offer several key features, such as high torque density, high efficiency, and excellent dynamic performance [1].
This paper investigates the capability of both permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) and permanent magnet flux switching (PMFS) machine to provide high torque to inertia ratio for applications with demanding response in terms of acceleration and fast dynamic. The PMSM has higher torque density and efficiency among different electrical machines. However, the presence of the permanent magnets...
In this paper the separation of volume and surface forces and torques of a highly saturated DC excited Flux Switching Machine (DCFSM) is presented. The volumetric and surface forces are derived from the stress tensor caused by the magnetic field. High saturation of the iron will contribute in the increase of the internal forces, as a consequence, the resultant torque is also separated in volume and...
In this paper the effects of saliency and cross-coupling in a cylindrical wound-rotor synchronous motor are evaluated within the operating region of the direct-axis, quadrature-axis and field excitations. In the calculation of the wound-rotor synchronous motor parameters, a finite element based approach (principle of frozen permeability) is followed to evaluate the inductances and flux linkages of...
the goal of this paper is to present a comprehensive method to optimize the dq reference frame current of a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) including both copper and iron losses. The originality of the article concerns on the one hand the direct consideration of a resistance modeling iron loss in the circuit model and on the other hand the simplicity of the proposed method. In the paper,...
This paper compares three high aspect ratio axial field topologies for traction applications employing soft magnetic composite (SMC). The paper examines the following topologies using finite element (FE) method: a torus, a yokeless and segmented armature (YASA), and a single-sided configuration. All the machines are designed to the same specification for a light electric vehicle, and the FE simulations...
In automotive applications, motors are required to have high power, high efficiency, and small size. Therefore, in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and electric vehicle (EV) applications, interior permanent-magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) have been frequency used. Electrical steel sheets, which can be designed with various properties, are often used for iron core. The operating characteristics of...
Switched reluctance generators (SRG) are a promising solution for back-up power generation for renewable energy or in electric vehicles. Classic approaches suggest choosing single pulse control angles to minimize dc-link rms current or excitation penalty to maximize system efficiency. Those publications only investigate the effect of turn-on angle θon and turn-off angle θoff. The influence of an additional...
In this paper, the impact of an increased number of layers on the performance of axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machines (AFPMSMs) is studied. The studied parameters are the inductance, terminal voltages, PM losses, iron losses, the mean value of torque, and the ripple torque. It is shown that increasing the number of layers reduces the fundamental winding factor. In consequence, the rated...
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