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Mobile networks consist of one or more mobile IP-subnets and is viewed as one connected unit to the internet via one or more Mobile Router (MR). When MR is connecting to the other MR in the other mobile network, it makes a structure known as Nested Mobile Network. In this structure each level of connected router has a Bi-directional tunnel between each pair of MR and its Home Agent (HA) must be established...
The mobile devices are becoming the important part in our day to day life. These are now one of the basic needs of our daily life. These devices are used to share the data of interest with one another. Data may be in the form of picture or video clip , news etc. But sometimes , data cannot reach to the user who is interested ,because of delaying of messages. Sometimes nodes do not want to loose their...
Mobile Wireless sensor network consist of number of sensor nodes and each node works on limited battery life. Several factors like routing protocol, nodes mobility and energy can affect the performance of a WSN. This paper presents fuzzy rule based simulation system for WSN to predict the node's mobility and energy. Mobility prediction provides stable path for network and energy prediction increases...
Zigbee is a wireless networking standard which is broadly used in applications such as remote control and sensor applications. They are suited for operation in coarse radio environments and in isolated locations. In Zigbee based wireless networks, various routing protocols such as reactive routing protocols and Zigbee Tree Routing (ZTR) protocol were initially proposed. Among them, ZTR is widely used,...
Data gathering by leveraging Sink's mobility in large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks (wsns) has drawn substantial interest in recent years. Challenge is to collect data in wsns through optimized network performance. Current researchers focus on how to minimize the energy of sensor nodes to help improve the lifetime of the node. Identifying mobile sink's moving trajectory in advance is cumbersome process...
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A Mobile Social Network (MSN) is a typical Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) composed of mobile nodes with social characteristics. Routing design and optimization are difficult because of the fast topology changes in such network. However, realistic mobility trace shows that mobile nodes in MSNs generally visit a few locations called homes, frequently, while other locations are visited less frequently...
Due to their intrinsic characteristics, Ad Hoc mobile networks could be subjects to disturbances or node break-downs. The latter are worsened by the nodes relay and mobility features. A more sophisticated Multihoming integration to MANET networks necessarily increases its robustness: in other words, it improves its performances. That is why we suggest in this article a new extension of the Stream...
Internet of Things is an evolution from computer networks to a network of interconnected objects such as books, cars, sensors, etc… In recent years, interest in the applications of Wireless Body Area Networks (BANs), have grown significantly and this opens up an important number of challenges such as mobility management. Locator/Id Split Protocol (LISP) deals with the traditional IP problems like...
As the practical propagation environment suffers from various fading, investigation of a suitable routing protocol for this type of environment is need of the day. Many routing protocols have been evaluated for idle conditions but none of them have taken actual physical environments such as fading, etc. into consideration. In this paper, that particular Issue has been addressed. Three most popularly...
Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are wireless mobile networks, where the nodes are sparse and end-to- end connectivity is rare. Since DTN nodes are mostly energy-limited devices, there is an immediate need to have energy-efficient routing protocols, allowing the network to perform better and function longer. Besides, in the real world, people carrying the nodes form a lot of communities because of similar...
Sink mobility in WSN is considered to be a challenge for routing the data, as it creates rapid topological changes in the network. Most of the routing protocols available in the literature are prone to high control overhead and are less efficient. An elastic routing technique utilizing overhearing feature, is an efficient protocol with less control overhead for routing the data, from a single static...
An examination of existing studies in the area of Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) implementation in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) reveals a consistent approach taken of optimal node distribution. This in order to best evaluate networking metrics such as Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), latency and energy consumption. The tests detailed in this paper differ from previous work,...
Wireless Sensor technology is one among the fast emerging technologies in the current scenario and it has wide range of application also which has small sensors with minimum communicational and computational power. Depending on the overhead of a node, the energy consumption varies with each other. This leads to the non-uniform distribution of the energy which in turn degrades the performance of the...
Mobile ad-hoc network is networks that are collection of mobile device that can communicate and share information between each other, without any predefine infrastructure or centralized system. Another challenge in MANET is energy constraints because each of the mobile nodes is operated by limited energy battery. This paper presents a new on-demand power saving routing algorithm for mobile ad-hoc...
In mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs), nodes use hello messages to detect neighbor nodes and to maintain link connectivity. In a typical MANET routing, a node broadcasts hello messages at a fixed interval. However, a fixed hello interval causes a long delay of neighbor discovery (too long hello intervals) or a more bandwidth waste by unnecessary protocol overhead (too short hello intervals). In this...
In the aftermath of a natural or industrial disaster, locating individuals is crucial. However, disasters can cause extensive damage to the network infrastructures and a generalized loss of communication among survivors. In this article, we present a network support solution that provides a post-disaster geolocation-collecting service that relies on inter mobile device connections. On top of this...
Current mobile ad-hoc routing protocols are not suitable for flying ad-hoc network, because of the dynamic environmental conditions, high mobility and terrain structures. In this paper, we propose a novel directional routing scheme for flying ad-hoc network using combined omnidirectional and directional transmissions. The proposed scheme features hybrid use of unicasting and geocasting routing using...
RPL is the routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks and has recently been considered as the standard routing protocol for IPv6 based wireless sensor networks using the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol. RPL is oriented towards supporting multi-point to point communications in which multiple points typically communicate with one sink node that considered the root of the RPL tree. RPL aims to minimize...
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