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Objective
Polymicrogyria (PMG) is a common malformation of cortical development. Many patients with PMG will have medically refractory epilepsy but the role of epilepsy surgery is unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of surgical resection/disconnection in achieving seizure control in pediatric patients with PMG.
Methods
A retrospective review of children undergoing epilepsy...
Objective
To estimate the comparative efficacy among antiepileptic drugs in the pediatric population (0‐18 years).
Methods
Using the Embase and MEDLINE databases, we updated to February 2017 the search strategy of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines for epilepsy. We only included randomized clinical trials conducted in children and mixed‐age populations. According to...
Recent clinical trials indicate that cannabidiol (CBD) may reduce seizure frequency in pediatric patients with certain forms of treatment‐resistant epilepsy. Many of these patients experience significant impairments in quality of life (QOL) in physical, mental, and social dimensions of health. In this study, we measured the caregiver‐reported Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy (QOLCE) in a subset...
Objective
Learning and memory are essential for academic success and everyday functioning, but the pattern of memory skills and its relationship to executive functioning in children with focal epilepsy is not fully delineated. We address a gap in the literature by examining the relationship between memory and executive functioning in a pediatric focal epilepsy population.
Methods
Seventy children...
Objective
Oral cannabis extracts (OCEs) are being used in the treatment of epilepsy with increasing rates in the United States following product legalization; however, no studies demonstrate clear efficacy. We evaluated the duration of use of OCEs as a measure of perceived benefit in a cohort of patients with pediatric epilepsy.
Methods
Retrospective chart review was performed of children and adolescents...
Autoantibodies to the 65 kDa isoform of glutamate acid decarboxylase (GAD65Ab) are associated with a range of clinical disorders, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and stiff‐person syndrome (SPS). In this article we describe a young girl who was diagnosed with T1D at the end of her first year of life and developed drug‐resistant epilepsy 18 months later, followed by behavioral disturbances. She was...
ObjectiveTo provide a review on the spectrum of migraine‐epilepsy disorders in children.
BackgroundThe migraine‐epilepsy continuum covers a fascinating array of disorders that share many clinical similarities but also differ fundamentally in pathophysiology. In the pediatric population, its study can be complicated by the young age of those affected and the lack of clear understanding of the neurobiology...
Surgical techniques may vary extensively between centers. We report on a web‐based survey aimed at evaluating the current technical approaches in different centers around the world performing epilepsy surgery in children. The intention of the survey was to establish technical standards. A request was made to 88 centers to complete a web‐based survey comprising 51 questions. There were 14 questions...
ObjectiveSeizures are common during and after treatment for a primary brain tumor. Our objective was to describe the incidence and risk factors for seizures in long‐term survivors of pediatric brain tumors.
MethodsIn a retrospective, longitudinal study, we reviewed all consecutive patients during a 12‐month period who were at least 2 years post initial diagnosis of a brain tumor. Data collection...
ObjectiveOver the past decades, the number of epilepsy surgeries in children has increased and indications for surgery have broadened. We studied the changes in patient characteristics between 1990 and 2011 in a nationwide cohort and related these to seizure outcome and postoperative medication status. Second, we tried to identify predictors for seizure outcome after pediatric epilepsy surgery.
MethodsTo...
The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Diagnostic Methods Commission charged the Neuropsychology Task Force with the job of developing a set of recommendations to address the following questions: (1) What is the role of a neuropsychological assessment? (2) Who should do a neuropsychological assessment? (3) When should people with epilepsy be referred for a neuropsychological assessment?...
ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of pregabalin as adjunctive therapy in children with refractory partial seizures.
MethodsThis was a phase 1, randomized, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group, escalating‐dose, multiple‐dose study comprising a 7‐day, double‐blind treatment period and a single‐blind, single dose of pregabalin administered to all children on day...
ObjectivePsychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) in youth are symptoms of a difficult to diagnose and treat conversion disorder. PNES is associated with high medical and psychiatric morbidity, but specific PNES risk factors in the pediatric population are not known. We examined if youth with PNES have a distinct biopsychosocial risk factor profile compared to their siblings and if the interrelationships...
Transfer and transition for children with epilepsy to adult care is challenging because of the variety of epilepsies and of multiple comorbidities. We held an international closed symposium with 48 experts and initiated an international effort to improve transition and offer to our patients with lifelong disease a successful transfer of care.
ObjectiveReports of studies evaluating rufinamide as an add‐on therapy in children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy are restricted to a few publications. Prospective multicenter studies including children and adults have yielded important information about several types of epilepsies and syndromes. We evaluated the use of rufinamide in a single pediatric center with a large cohort and long‐term...
PurposeIn a population‐based retrospective cohort of children with newly diagnosed epilepsy, to determine (1) what proportion meet criteria for early medical intractability, and (2) predictors of enduring intractability.
MethodsChildren with newly diagnosed epilepsy between 1980 and 2009 while resident in Olmsted County, MN, and followed >36 months, were stratified into groups based on both early medical intractability...
Approximately 20% of children with epilepsy will be pharmacoresistant. The impact of intractable epilepsy extends far beyond just the seizures to result in intellectual disability, psychiatric comorbidity, physical injury, sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), and poor quality of life. Various predictors of pharmacoresistance have been identified; however, accurate prediction is still challenging...
Purpose: Presurgical language mapping in dominant hemisphere epilepsy to evaluate the risk of postoperative deficit is particularly difficult in children. Extraoperative invasive cortical stimulation can show some areas critical to language, but not all of them, due to scarce sampling, poor cooperation, cortical immaturity, or network reorganization, whereas functional magnetic resonance imaging...
Purpose: Spread of seizure activity outside the frontal lobe due to cortico‐cortical connections can result in alteration in the cortex beyond the frontal lobe in children with intractable frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE). The aim of this study was to identify regions of reduced cortical thickness in children with intractable FLE.
Methods: High‐resolution volumetric T1‐weighted imaging was performed...
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