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In order to reduce greenhouse gas emission and fossil fuel dependence, Electric Vehicle (EV) has drawn increasing attention due to its zero emission and high efficiency. However, new problems such as range anxiety, long charging duration and high charging power may threaten the safe and efficient operation of both traffic and power systems. This paper proposes a probabilistic approach to model the...
Due to the loose coupling characteristic of the wireless power transfer system, design of the compensation topology is important. In SS resonant compensation condition, using Buck circuit in secondary side, the output load current and the duty cycle showing approximate inverse relationship in a wide range, making traditional Buck circuit control method cannot be used. To solve this problem, this paper...
In order to improve the charging speed, the Supercapacitor is used as the energy storage device in wireless power transfer (WPT) systems applied to electic vehicles. The analysis of WPT with Supercapacitor as load was carried out and charging strategy of Supercapacitor was studied on in this paper. In order to improve the transmission efficiency of the system , the reference value of the primary coil...
To enable better smart charging solutions, this paper investigates the day-ahead probabilistic forecasting of the availability and the charging rate at charging stations for plug-in electric vehicles. Generalized linear models with logistic link functions are at the core of both forecast scenarios. Moreover, the availability forecast at a charging point is simply a binomial problem, whereas the charging...
With the advancement in science and technology and the ever increasing demand for energy, the development and applications of electric vehicles has become more and more extensive. The application of a large number of electric vehicles will have a significant impact on the electric power grid. This paper analyzes the factors that influence the access of electric vehicles to the power grid, and constructs...
In this paper, a methodology for electric vehicle charging by minimizing CO2 emissions and minimizing charging electricity costs is presented in an actual Nordic electricity market environment. The target of the paper is to illustrate the difference of smart charging and dumb charging schemes from the perspectives of CO2 emissions and electricity end-user electricity costs. The study takes advantage...
In this paper, a reconfiguration strategy for distribution network based on a power supply capacity index (PSCI) is proposed to tackle the security problems caused by the increasing number of electric vehicles (EVs) with spatial-temporal charging loads in active distribution network (ADN). Firstly, a spatial and temporal model is developed to obtain all the EV charging loads in the ADN along one scheduling...
Optimised strategies regarding the coordinated grid connection of a fleet of electric vehicles often consider the simultaneous connection of a large number of these vehicles. This may induce voltage fluctuations of significant amplitude and provoke objectionable light intensity variations when applied to lighting equipment, which is defined as flicker. Hence, it is important to study under which conditions...
This paper addresses the issue of high coincidence factors during electric vehicle (EV) charging cycles and the impact of flexibility aggregators. Based on findings for grid planning principles for EVs, an approach was explored to reduce grid loads caused by charging currents through the reduction of the probability of simultaneous charging cycles. Through the implementation of a split charging routine,...
Battery swapping stations could address constraints in the growth of electric vehicles (EVs) such as EV high upfront cost, range concern, slow battery charging, and power grid strain. To maintain a sustainable model, an electric vehicle swap station strategy model is proposed considering the frequency and distribution of EV customer station visits, cooperation of customers, and grid load demand curves...
Electric vehicles are considered to be flexible loads due to their elasticity in both charging time and location. Because a larger number of electric vehicles are expected to be connected to the grid for charging, the total load of the distribution network will increase and may negatively impact the grid. This paper designs a method to determine electric vehicle charging demand at various nodes in...
This paper introduces a transactive energy (TE) approach through a transactive control (TC) mechanism for efficient electric vehicle (EV)-grid integration and management with the goal of minimizing the charging cost of EVs and mitigating the adverse effects on the grid. Charging EVs can present undesirable effects, e.g., overload components, in the distribution systems. In the proposed TE+TC approach,...
The development of a Lagrangian Relaxation approach to scheduling distributed energy resources is presented. Relaxing both energy constraints and network constraints we demonstrate a price-based algorithm that can be implemented in a decentralized manner with communication only between each node and its incident branches. Example schedules for a system consisting of conventional and renewable generation,...
In order to facilitate the integration of electromo-bility, a plan for the installation of adequate public charging infrastructures is needed. Such infrastructures could impact the operating conditions of electric power distribution networks with particular reference to those serving urban areas. A co-simulation platform integrating an urban traffic simulator with an electric power system simulator...
According to the randomness and fuzziness of electric vehicle, this paper determines the conception of membership by the fuzzy statistical, introduces the theory of membership cloud model and builds the electric vehicle charging load model. Respectively, this paper describes the electric car charging load in different stage, constructs the whole model of electric vehicle charging load demand and determines...
In this paper, a simulation tool based on the probabilistic three phase Load Flow (PLF) program has been developed by using Monte Carlo techniques. By using this tool, technical and economic impacts of EV integration on the distribution network are assessed. Studies of the potential opportunities of ancillary services provided by EV are also carried out by using this tool. In order to reduce congestion...
With the popularization of Electric Vehicles (EVs), the out-of-order random charging behavior of large-scale EVs will bring new challenges to the safe and economic dispatch of power system. This paper divides the driving area into four zones according to the functional area of distribution network, and a regional time-of-use (RTOU) electricity price model is proposed considering its spatial and temporal...
A detailed mathematical model for optimal utilization of demand side response is formulated. Formulations for constrained controllable load (dependent load) is modeled, whose operation is dependent on certain other loads completing their schedule prior to the constrained controllable load's start time. In addition, several other types of load models, including electric vehicles (EV), adjustable and...
In the future, the number of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) that will participate in the primary frequency control (PFC) is likely to increase. In our previous research, the computational complexity of the PFC problem for a large number of PEVs was reduced using aggregate models of PEVs. However, in the literature on the PFC, the distribution network characteristics have not been included in the...
In view of the advance of dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) for electric vehicles (EVs) charging, integrated DWPT systems are conceivable to emerge. However, quasi-continuous and time-varying DWPT charging loads bring large challenges to the power flow analysis of integrated DWPT systems. In this paper, a sequential load model is proposed to describe the temporal dependency of DWPT charging demands...
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