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In VANET network, vehicles are treated as nodes. Node position is determined by protocols, algorithms and applications. As its network changes rapidly, it is hard to route data among vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure for a protocol. It is also hard to meet every traffic scenario by existing routing protocol. Routing protocol must adapt to rapid change of topology. Several efficient...
Due to high mobility of nodes, the major challenge of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) is the frequent link breakages which lead to numerous path failures and route discoveries. This paper introduces a novel signal strength based algorithm for RREQs forwarding (SAODV) to better exploit the neighbor coverage knowledge and hence reduce routing overhead in MANETs. The simulation results confirm the efficiency...
The wireless sensor network has importance on account of recent improvement of information technology. Micro-electrical mechanical system is used to evolve sensors over the last past decades. The enormous numbers of sensors are redistributed for sensing as well as accumulating data from its neighborhood through routing protocol. Industrial township area yields smoke on account of burning of diesel,...
Rapid growth in usage of wireless devices over the year has led to an increased demand of Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) technology in connecting these devices over a distributed network. Routing in MANET becomes a more challenging area, where constant researches are being conducted to decrease losses and transmission delays between the source and the destination. A new breed of routing protocols based...
Routing protocols have a significant impact on performance in mobile Ad hoc networks. In order to find the right routing protocols for “linear structure” of Ad hoc network, the principle of dynamic source routing (DSR) and Ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing (AODV) is studied, the same and differences of DSR and AODV is compared and analyzed. This paper analysis and comparison network performance...
The mobile Ad-hoc network is an open wireless environment in which nodes are free to move anywhere without any topology and fixed infrastructure. Due to its open nature, it is vulnerable to various security attacks. There is a different kind of Denial of Service (DoS) attack such as Gray Hole attack drops fully or partially packets passing through them. Gray hole node able to change its behavior malicious...
The self-organizing wireless Mobile Ad-hoc Networks are characterized by the routing protocols they employ and the wireless technology used by the nodes in those networks. Process of route formation in MANETs is based only on the decision of network layer; resulting in network prone to congestion and degraded performance. Constraints imposed by MAC sub-layer and PHY layer go unnoticed with conventional...
Cooperative Beamforming is a flourishing technique to resolve many issues related to Cognitive Radio Networks. One of them is to overcome the problems caused by failure of several nodes in a network. In case of node failures, the optional paths are selected instead of intended paths which may cause additional delay. This work suggests a route conservation protocol with minimal changes in a basic routing...
Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) do not have base stations or access points, and due to this nature, the ad hoc networks are susceptible to jamming attack which is the most common attacks. Since many ad hoc networks employed IP-based routing, they should be protected and communication between nodes should be secured. The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of MANET with the application...
Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are a class of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) incorporated into moving vehicles. Nodes communicate with both and infrastructure to provide Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) for the purpose of improving safety and comfort. Efficient and adaptive routing protocols are essential for achieving reliable and scalable network performance. However, routing in VANETs...
A Mobile Ad-hoc Network is a flexible wireless network. The nodes also function as routers which determine and propagate the routing tables amongst their neighbours to ensure a destination can be reached in the network. Without the restraint of physical links, mobility is common, these connections are not necessarily constant, with nodes free to either leave or join the network. This paper presents...
In this paper a fast review and comparative study of the adhoc routing protocols used in VANET will be presented. The research filed in Vehicular adhoc network (VANET) is developing very fast. An extensive variety of utilizations has been served under various situation (Highway, urban, and Cities). Many protocols have been adopted to serve different topology and scenarios, these protocols faced various...
Routing in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is still a challenging issue due to intrinsic characteristics — especially limited resources and high mobility- of these mobile networks. The AODV routing protocol is one of the applied protocols in such networks since it can adapts to network continuous topology changes. Nevertheless, its performance may suffer from high frequency VANET dynamics as they...
A mobile adhoc network is an independent system of mobile stations associated by wireless link to form a system. This system can be modeled in the form of an uninformed graph. Adhoc networks are peer to peer, multihope networks were data packets are transmitted to a source to destination through intermediate nodes (which serve as router). The infrastructure is not the main issue to setup MANET and...
Utilization of mobile devices are burgeoning rapidly and consequently mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). The self configuring and infrastructure less property of MANETs makes them easily deployable anywhere and extremely dynamic in nature. Lack of centralized administration and coordinator are the reasons for MANET to be vulnerable to active attack like black hole. Black hole attack is ubiquitous in...
Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is decentralized infrastructure less wireless network with self configuring dynamic nodes. Routing functionality is carried by nodes with the help of routing protocols for effective communication among them. Since routing protocols are major player in network, the intruders target these protocols. One such repudiation attack is Flooding attack. In flooding attack, malicious...
A key challenge in next generation mobile networks is ensuring effective routing that efficiently adapts to the special characteristics of the various mobility schemes. The purpose of this paper is to study and illustrate how group mobility affects the network performance of a wireless ad hoc network depending on the type of movement, in a space with or without obstacles. In the scope of this paper,...
Our contribution in this paper is to propose a new solution called EQ-AODV (Energy and QoS supported AODV) for better performance in WMSNs (Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks). EQ-AODV aims to improve AODV protocol and make it effective for multimedia data in WMSNs. This improvement is based on the adaptation of the routing process of AODV according to two parameters. The first one is the energy...
Wireless mesh networks(WMNs) have excellent communication capabilities and quality of easy deployment which increases popularity of WMNs. WMNs have an essential routing protocol which facilitates healing of link between Mesh Routers and the Mobile Nodes. Multiple interfaces of Mesh Routers is used for healing the path between the Mesh Routers and the Mobile Node in Mesh Network. Reactive protocols...
MANET's is exemplify at the time that the wireless networks in order that employ multihop wireless delivering along with are accomplished of performing beyond any settled infrastructure. So this type of infrastructure is called as framework less networks. The routing is an accurate chalking work in MANET's that the path is selected in network forward which sends the network service against origin...
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