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Surveillance and reconnaissance applications such as military in wireless sensor networks require timely transfer of important data (i.e., the detection of enemy troops and vehicles) to a remote base station or sink node. Unfortunately, picking up the reliable routing path to deliver the data in realtime is difficult because of various interferences, often environmental changes, and so on. Thus, routing...
This paper presents a new medium access control (MAC) protocol for wireless sensor networks (WSN). This new MAC is supposed to improve the energy efficiency of WSN. A lot of proposed MAC protocols are based on periodic sleep approach. A typical method is to let sensor nodes follow a schedule to listen or sleep. Usually, that schedule is initialized at the beginning of the MAC process. Few papers proposed...
Recently, many studies exploit mobile sinks to construct large-scale databases for environmental observations or weather forecasting. Mobile sinks travel in the sensing area that sensors are deployed, collect data from each sensor, and uploads them to sensor databases. By using mobile sinks, we can reduce communication traffic and maintenance cost compared with those for wireless sensor networks (WSNs)...
A wireless sensor network (WSN) is envisioned as a cluster of tiny power-constrained devices with functions of sensing and communications. Sensors closer to a sink node have a larger forwarding traffic burden and consume more energy than nodes further away from the sink. The whole lifetime of WSN is deteriorated because of such an uneven node power consumption patterns, leading to what is known as...
In this article, we present a survey of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) existing Transport Protocols. We have evaluated the design concepts of different protocols based on congestion control, reliability support and source traffic priority support. Then we draw the concluding remarks, while highlighting up-and-coming research challenges for WSN transport protocols, which should be addressed further...
Lightweight Congestion Aware Reliable Transport protocol (LCART) is based on cross-layering the prevalent or reciprocal functionalities of Transport, MAC and Wireless-Physical layers in order to achieve energy efficiency and meeting QoS objectives of heterogeneous WSN1 including multimedia. LCART intelligently overcomes network congestion by the simultaneous use of Packet Service Time, Packet Inter...
Radio duty cycling is a well-adopted technique deployed in Medium Access Control protocol design for wireless sensor networks that improves energy efficiency. In this paper we address the question of how to select an optimal duty cycle for strobed preamble MAC protocols. We propose and evaluate a distributed algorithm which minimizes the energy consumption of a wireless sensor network through adaptation...
In recent years there has been a growing interest in the field of vehicular networks, primarily due to the advancement in technology and need for safety and entertainment applications. The current generation of vehicles has embedded computers, GPS receivers, and number of sensors, where as the next generation of these vehicles will potentially have short-range wireless network interface. The target...
Cooperation enforcement in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) typically relies on separate detection and punishment schemes that isolate selfish nodes from routing and receiving network services. However, cooperative nodes then have to carry all the traffic. We propose a system that enforces cooperation smoothly and assures a fair distribution of bandwidth, as well as...
Inter-cluster communication technique is drawing immense research interest in recent wireless sensor network (WSN) applications. Since sensor nodes are very much constrained in power supply, extending lifetime of these sensors is essential. On the other hand, it is difficult to provide reliable data transfer in WSNs because of their unreliable link quality and congestion at a cluster head (CH) node...
In monitoring wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with event-driven applications, the generated traffic usually has bursty characteristics when an event occurs. Transient congestion in the networks would increase delay and packet loss rate severely, reducing the network performance greatly. Through the analysis on delay and packet loss rate in congestion, this paper proposes a congestion-aware mac protocol...
This paper propose a novel call admission control (CAC) scheme that considers real-time and non-real-time nature of a call before allocating resources for its progress in a network. The scheme accumulates the benefits of different CAC schemes for best optimization of the available resources. It has combined the three major schemes- reserve guard channel, buffer based and prioritization. Application...
Many-to-one traffic pattern in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) causes significant performance degradation toward the sink. To mitigate this so called funneling phenomenon, researchers have proposed various mechanisms at different layers. In this paper, we consider batch forwarding or packet concatenation at network layer, and experimentally demonstrate how it improves the delivery ratio and end2end...
Understanding the real behavior of an application before implementation enables engineers to reduce development time and cost because it optimizes system resource utilization. This is true especially for a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) whose evolution strongly depends on the number of nodes, on their configuration and on the amount of traffic. This implies the need for methodologies and tools which...
In order to achieve the best performance of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), it is a must to provide a challengeable routing algorithm , which consumes less power and allows more data collection. In this paper we have considered a WSN with mobile sinks and it is considered that the router follows the basic location update algorithm with traffic awareness. We show the performances of a router under...
The objective of this work is to give an outline on qualitative and quantitative analyses of publish-subscribe model deployed over wireless networks. Examining performance of wireless networks transporting publish-subscribe based traffic gives us better understanding of potential impact of publish-subscribe networking to existing architecture. Our evaluation work focuses on studying the behavior of...
According to the characteristics of vegetable greenhouse, based on S-MAC protocol, this paper proposed a L-MAC protocol of low power loss. A dynamic duty cycle adjustment mechanism is designed in the protocol, through the network traffic prediction to dynamically adjust the duty cycle to accommodate changes in network traffic. Finally, by the simulation analysis, the validity of the agreement is to...
Spread spectrum multiple-access packetized wireless communications systems are considered. Although very efficient in low traffic (or low-rate) and low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios, the traditional and well-known spread ALOHA multiple access (SAMA) quickly collapses when both traffic and signal power increase. In certain situations, such as wireless sensor network traffic towards a sink, this severely...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) composed of inexpensive devices allow the possibility of large deployments aimed at monitoring remote, or possibly hostile, areas. However, due to the unique traffic patterns exhibited by monitoring sensor networks, the lifetime of a large WSN is constrained by the burden placed on nodes near the sink node to forward additional traffic as more nodes are deployed. We...
Spectrum management in cognitive radio is one of the most challenging issues and has attracted much research attentions in recent years. However most of the existing works consider either online demands or scheduled demands, which may not fully capture the flexible nature of the demands in certain circumstances, such as the communication demands for a synchronized sensing data transmission in wireless...
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