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This paper proposes a new interleaved flyback topology based on hysteretic control. The output current ripple can be reduced with the interleaved structure, and both switches can achieve Zero-voltage-switching (ZVS). Besides, the energy of leakage inductance can be fully recycled, which will improve the efficiency of the converter. The topology is based on hysteresis control, with this control scheme,...
Since the loss of input rectifying diode bridge in the conventional PFC converter reduces the efficiency, the bridgeless PFC converter has been proposed. The totem-pole bridgeless PFC converter is the most representative one. However the common mode noise current occurring around the input voltage zero-crossing brings severe EMI problem restricts its practical application. In order to improve noise...
In this paper, a current-feed resonant two-switch forward DC-DC Transformer (DCX) is proposed for high-efficiency and high-density unregulated bus converter applications. With a resonant capacitor in series with the leakage inductance of the transformer, ZCS turn-on and nearly ZCS turn-off can be achieved for the primary switches and there is no body diode and reverse recovery losses in the SR. Meanwhile,...
In this paper, an on-board charger for electric vehicle, with two-stage power converter, is designed. Firstly, a single-phase Boost-APFC (Active Power Factor Correction) circuit controlled by a one-cycle controller is designed as the front state converter. Compared to the traditional APFC circuit, the One-cycle controller is constructed without considering the multiplier and AC line voltage sensing...
This paper presents a self-oscillating electronic ballast for a 36 W LED string. The design consists of a simple control that reduces the component number and cost of the ballast. Self-oscillating converters are popular in compact fluorescent lamps; therefore, it is proposed the use of this self-oscillating control technique for the LED lamp. The self-oscillating LED driver represents a very suitable...
This article presents the fundamental theory of inverse optimal control problems and its application in output voltage regulation of power converter circuits. An inverse optimal control problem avoids the explicit solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation that appears in the formulation of an optimal control problem. Some analytical and numerical developments are performed here in order to...
High Pressure Sodium (HPS) is widely used in street lighting applications because of its maturity, reliability, high lighting efficiency, long lifetime and low cost. Light Emitting Diode (LED) is expected as the next generation of lighting source due to its continuously improving luminous efficacy, better color characteristic and super long life-time. The two lighting sources may coexist in street...
This paper presents two different capacitors' voltage control schemes for modular multilevel converter (MMCs) with the application for back-to-back systems. Based on the derivation of the relationship between arm currents and active power of the MMCs in back-to-back system, the proposed scheme controls the currents of upper and lower arms independently in MMCs to achieve arm voltage balancing of capacitors...
In order to increase the output voltage range of photovoltaic panels, battery and fuel cell monomer efficiently in the distributed generation system, In this paper, a novel Z-source high step-up boost converter is presented. With a unique X-type Z-source network, clamping voltage of pump capacitor is improved. The proposed converter achieves a high voltage gain without an extremely switch duty cycle...
A novel high step-up DC-DC converter is proposed in this paper. In this paper, interleaved inductors are utilized to combine with switched capacitors to generate a simple circuit structure. This topology aims to reduce current stress in low-voltage side further, decrease voltage stress in high-voltage side, and to achieve output voltage regulation with a wide range input. The operating principles...
A novel switched-capacitor algorithmic digital-to-analog converter (D/A) is described. It is formed of one sample/hold and divider. Since no integrator is used, error caused by open loop gain of operational amplifier can easily be compensated. Required components are only two operational amplifiers, three unit capacitors and nine analog switches. Accuracy estimation shows that 12 bit resolution is...
Three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter topologies are becoming more and more the interest of studies, especially in grid connected systems, due to their advantages compared to other multilevel inverters. Synchronization with an AC source remains a challenge ring current injection to the grid. In order to enhance the performance and the immunity of such grid connected inverters, a sliding...
An algorithm for state-space model generation using free software is proposed in the paper. The algorithm is based on circuit equations formulation using modified nodal analysis and their solving to provide state-space model. State-space model is generated in a symbolic form for all possible states of DC-DC converter operation. Determination of possible states is obtained by checking existence of...
The paper proposes novel voltage-mode quadrature oscillator employing modern active elements VD-DIBA (Voltage Differencing Differential Input Buffered Amplifier). The circuit utilizes only two active elements and two grounded capacitors. Frequency of oscillation and oscillation condition can be controlled orthogonally, thus without violating each other. The proposed circuit was experimentally verified...
A new hysteretic control strategy with output capacitor equivalent series resistance (ESR) ripple compensation is presented. With such compensation, the effect of output capacitor ESR ripple voltage is enhanced. When step load change occurs, feedback of the output ripple adjusts the duty ratio promptly. In result, the proposed control scheme gains faster transient response speed and better steady...
This paper presents a bridgeless SEPIC topology with Power Factor Correction (PFC) to charge electric vehicle battery. The converter offers a few advantages such as reduce total component count and reduction of conduction loss during the conversion AC to DC, hence higher overall system efficiency. The PFC converter operated under continuous conduction mode (CCM) with average current mode control strategy...
This paper focuses on the differences between an ideal and a real electrical circuit diagram of a step-down dc-dc converter and their influences on the converter operation. For each diagram the circuit equations are obtained, processed accordingly and implemented in new created programs. The resulted waveforms are discussed and some conclusions are depicted.
This paper presents an Organic-Light-Emitting-Diode (OLED) equivalent circuit model with temperature coefficient and intrinsic capacitor. In order to precisely describe the OLED non-linear V-I characteristics at different junction temperatures, four parameters: maximum operating point, rated operating point, knee point, and temperature coefficient, are obtained from the OLED V-I curves to establish...
Reactive power is an essential part of the power compared with active power. It is used to establish and sustain the magnetic field present in electrical equipment possessive of coils, such as transformers and electric machines. The reactive power consumption in large distribution networks can result in a huge reactive power flow, rising line current and a sub-nominal voltage. To avoid these negative...
Balancing/equalization plays a key role in lithium battery management systems. Dissipative techniques are commonly used to balance batteries for vehicles. The main advantages are the low complexity and the hardware simplicity. But the system has a worth efficiency, only works during the main charge process and takes a long time. Capacitive balancing structures are a special case of active balancing...
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