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Existing networks deemed as complex system merged with many wireless communication networks. Traditional routing algorithm may not be sufficient to meet such complex data transmission from the source nodes to the sink nodes. Therefore, serious studying and investigation for traffic performance and congestion over complex networks seem to be an urgent challenge. Data propagation over complex networks...
The two major concerns of the wireless communication system are throughput of the network and underutilization of wireless channels. Opportunistic routing (OR) aims at improving the former and coping with the latter. Due to the unreliable characteristics of such channels, traditional routing achieves poor throughput. Since traditional routing arbitrarily selects high lossy links among diverse paths...
With the features provided by wireless mesh networks (WMN) and the increasing number of users, the Quality of Service (QoS) has become essential to support multimedia applications. In addition, employing the multichannel approach has led to the improvement of the network performance. However, selecting a path with the maximum available bandwidth to transmit data from the source to the destination...
Mobile-Ad-Hoc network is a spontaneous, self configurable network consisting with multiple mobile nodes. All the nodes that are communicating in network acts like router and follow a random, ever-changing topology for sharing data on any scalable scenario. Due to this ever-changing network topology, one of the challenging tasks in multimedia ad-hoc network is to provide Quality of Services (QoS) during...
The Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of mobile nodes. These nodes can setup and configured automatically without involvement of user. In MANET each node can move independently. Routing is the main issue because the topology in the MANET changed very fast. Due to power constraint the transmission process is multi hop in nature. Various security attacks can affect the throughput, end-to-end...
Information plays an important role in today's world. For transmitting this information, we use a lot of different kind of network system. Among this the most widely used medium is the wireless sensor network. But due to the high end traffic of the transmission of this information, some failure takes place. Detecting this wireless sensor network failure is very important. For detecting these failure,...
Mobile ad hoc network is wireless network that employ multi-hop radio relayed and are capable of achieving without the support of any fixed infrastructure. The cut of any central coordinator makes the routing more complex. All nodes of these networks behave as routers and take part in discovery and maintenance of routes to other nodes in the network. This characterstic presents a big challenge to...
Wireless sensor network is one of the developing ranges of research in present situation. A Wireless sensor network comprises of geographically dispersed self-governing tiny sensor nodes with little battery life to screen and control over the physical parameters or ecological conditions, for example, temperature, sound, pressure, humidity and so on and this data is gone by the sensor nodes in the...
A Mobile ad Hoc Network is a collection of nodes which is an infrastructure less network and hence can be easily established and deployed instantly. In addition to their normal operation, all the nodes in this kind of network act as routers as well. Because of the mobility and dynamic nature of the network, all the nodes are free to move randomly and hence topology of a MANET changes very frequently...
Broadcast nature of Wireless Sensor Networks subjects them to assortment of various attacks. Denial of service is the most common class of attack launched against wireless sensor networks. To mitigate these attacks it gets imperative to comprehend their circumstances and end results. In this paper, we simulate and analyze DOS attacks by RREQ flooding. The study is based on a generic WSN model made...
An Underwater Sensor Network (UWSN) has many unique features that makes it different from terrestrial network. This includes lower bandwidth, longer propagation delay, dynamic topology, high error rate, and energy constraint. To overcome the limitations of such an environment, opportunistic routing has recently attracted much attention due to its ability to improve the performance of UWSNs in terms...
Large propagation delay, high error rate, low band-width and limited energy in Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs) attract the attention of most researchers. In UWSNs, efficient utilization of energy is one of the major issue, as the replacement of energy sources in such environment is very expensive. In this paper, we have proposed a Cluster Depth Based Routing (cDBR) that is based on existing Depth...
The effect of process variation (PV) on delay is a major reason to deteriorate the performance in advanced technologies. The performance of different routing algorithms is determined with/without PV for various traffic patterns. The saturation throughput and average message delay are used as performance metrics to evaluate the throughput. PV decreases the saturation throughput and increases the average...
Low power and lossy networks (LLNs) consist of devices having limited battery power, less memory, reduced processing capability. RPL (Routing Protocol for low power and Lossy networks), is an approved Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard routing protocol for IPv6-based LLNs. RPL uses a proactive routing approach and the sink or controller node within the network creates a Directed Acyclic...
In millimeter wave (mmW) networks, for example 60 GHz networks, nodes in the network have to use directional antennas to communicate with each other to overcome high propagation losses and achieve high data rates. The narrow main beam widths of directional antennas also provide several benefits such as high gain and high spatial reuse. In this paper, we propose a dynamic node-disjoint multipath routing...
The energy in wireless sensor networks is a restrictive resource which primarily affects the life of nodes. Many routing protocols use clustering mechanism to optimize the network lifetime. A problem can occur if the allocation of cluster members is not uniformly distributed. In case of LEACH protocol there are great differences in cluster sizes. Consequently, the energy load of such network becomes...
Mobile Ad Hoc NETworks (MANETs) have become eminent resources for providing communication to military and other defence establishments operating in the conventional battlefield scenario in enemy territory or Counter Insurgency/Counter Terrorism operations beyond the reach of a permanent network infrastructure. However, MANET's inherent topology lack in defensive procedures and are thus, vulnerable...
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a group of a huge number of wireless sensor nodes which are arranged in a targeted region. The networks work properly till it is having sufficient battery power. So to optimize battery power, energy efficient routing protocols should be used. The current work involves comparing of routing protocols such as GSTEB, HEED and PEGASIS. Only one node communicates with...
Wireless mesh network (WMN) is a peculiar type of growing technology that can alter the world more effectively in the coming decades. Multicast routing in mesh networks is the distribution of data from a single source to multiple destinations or multiple sources to multiple destinations through the intermediate nodes. There can be many numbers of intermediate nodes between source and destination....
The interconnection of distributed sensor nodes that is used to measure the sensor data in remote locations is called as Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Each of the sensors is interfaced with a microcontroller to form wireless sensor node. Different types of devices like PDA'S, laptops, television etc., are used in consumer electronics that use different software and protocols. There is no common communication...
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