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We present a method for correcting real-word spelling errors using the Google Web 1T n-gram data set and a normalized and modified version of the longest common subsequence (LCS) string matching algorithm. Our method is focused mainly on how to improve the correction recall (the fraction of errors corrected) while keeping the correction precision (the fraction of suggestions that are correct) as high...
With the increased demand for English communication, various styles of learning support methods have been proposed and provided to the Japanese learners. However, there are still many learners finding it hard to read, write and speak in English. Regardless of language difference, understanding the other's intention and emotional status accurately and expressing what they think or feel to the others...
This paper proposes the use of local context as a way to semantic information retrieval. In our model, rather than trying to formalize the contents of the documents among which the search is done (e.g. by formally annotating them), we try to automatically build a representation of the context in which the search is done. We consider that search is always done as part of an activity, and that the search...
This paper tackles the issue of increasing dependability of distributed systems in the presence of mobile code. To this end we present a complete proof-carrying-code (PCC) infrastructure for independent and automatic certification of resource bounds of mobile JVM programs. This includes a certifying compiler for a high-level language, which produces a certificate of bounded heap consumption, and independent...
The increasing importance of embedded software has produced a shift in the testing activities from system testing towards software testing. This has contributed to testing the core system functionality earlier on in the test process. However, this shift has also led to very similar test cases being both described and executed independently at different test levels. We propose reusing multi-level test...
In this paper, we introduced a new semantic induction metric which can induce some semantic classes from a set of domain-specific unannotated data. We emphasized on the co-occurrence probability instead of just distances of word probability distribution. Compared to the traditional approach on right or left context to calculate the similarity, we used both left and right information simultaneously...
As an inherently language-dependent feature, the expansion of numbers to their full written-out forms can also be accomplished with language-independent code for multilingual TTS systems. In this paper we present a number expansion system that works with little data and language-independent code, while still able to expand numerics in dozens of languages. The paper also describes a way to determine...
This paper deals with the interpretation and processing of database queries with preference conditions of the form ldquoattribute is low (resp. medium, high)rdquo in the situation where the user is not aware of the actual content of the database but still wants to retrieve the best possible answers (relatively to that content). An approach to the definition of the terms ldquolowrdquo, ldquomediumrdquo...
Service quality is a critical success factor for any organization whereas its evaluation still has not been fully addressed especially in the context of nonprofit organizations (NPOs). Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate a multi-level grey evaluation method for service quality of NPOs. First, a framework for evaluating service quality is developed, which includes six dimensions...
Event related potentials (ERPs) were used to examine the processing of literal idioms and metaphoric idioms. We compared the patterns of brain electrical activity elicited by processing four-character expressions denoting literal, conventional metaphoric meaning. Participants performed a yes-no judgment task in which they decided whether each idiom conveyed a metaphoric meaning. N400 amplitude after...
When a database becomes inconsistent is crucial to restore its consistency. In this context, the notions of repair and optimal repair were introduced. In this work, we use Argumentation to comprehensibly describe and show the relationship between (inconsistent) information, i.e., its conflicts and inter-dependencies. We introduce an argumentation framework that provides a comprehensive way to check...
A rewrite closure is an extension of a term rewrite system with new rules, usually deduced by transitivity. Rewrite closures have the nice property that all rewrite derivations can be transformed into derivations of a simple form. This property has been useful for proving decidability results in term rewriting. Unfortunately, when the term rewrite system is not linear, the construction of a rewrite...
This paper is concerned with intelligent agents that are able to perform nonmonotonic reasoning in the presence of various sources of information. More precisely, the focus is on default logic agents. It is well-known that default logic suffers from a lack of reasoning by case ability. Such a problem is even more important in the context of intelligent agents that should be able to draw the most valuable...
We show how to reason about "step-indexed" logical relations in an abstract way, avoiding the tedious, error-prone, and proof-obscuring step-index arithmetic that seems superficially to be an essential element of the method. Specifically, we define a logic LSLR, which is inspired by Plotkin and Abadi's logic for parametricity, but also supports recursively defined relations by means of the...
Named entity relations are a foundation of semantic networks, ontology and the semantic Web, and are widely used in information retrieval and machine translation, as well as automatic question and answering systems. Relation feature selection and extraction are two key issues. The location features possess excellent computability and operability, and the semantic features have strong intelligibility...
A new learning approach is proposed here for the operating system education. According to the deep comprehension of Windows kernel source code, insert segments of code into key positions of Windows source code, define kernel data description forms, and record the real-time kernel activities used to reconstruct a visualization system which helps us to get a dynamic and overall understanding of the...
XML allows redundancy of data with its hierarchical structure where its elements may be nested and repeated. This will make the same information appear in more than one place; in fact it allows the same elements appear at different sub-trees. With this capability, XML is easier to understand and to parse, while to recover this information would require less joins. This is in contrast to relational...
There are a lot of learning contents, that have the same contexts which are targeted specific devices, under circumstances in which diverse devices support a dasiaU-Learning environmentpsila. But the current methods selecting adequate contents have little flexibility. So, this paper we propose an analogy matched contents selection(AMCS) method which can find similar contents even though there are...
Emerging as the popular choice for leading Internet companies to expose internal data and resources, RESTful Web services are attracting increasing attention in the industry. While automating WSDL/SOAP based Web service composition has been extensively studied in the research community, automated RESTful Web service composition in the context of service-oriented architecture (SOA), to the best of...
The increasing popularity of mobile devices has fostered the development of visualization applications for these devices. However, the reduced screen size and different interaction devices, which people are not familiarized, present some challenges to visualization in a mobile environment. This paper describes how, as a proof of concept, a combination of two different techniques can reduce the over...
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