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A problem that occurs in texture analysis and quantitative analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is that the extracted results are not comparable between consecutive or repeated scans or, within the same scan, between different anatomic regions. The reason is that there are intra-scan and inter-scan image intensity variations due to the MRI instrumentation. Therefore, image intensity normalization...
Mining of biomedical image data is a complex procedure that requires several processing phases, such as data acquisition, preprocessing (e.g., image enhancement, color processing), feature extraction and classification. Tools exist that provide each one of these functions individually, however proper integration is required for complex image analysis tasks. This paper presents an open framework based...
Snakes, or active contours, are one of the major paradigms in image segmentation and they are extensively applied for the processing of the biomedical images. With the vector field convolution (VFC) as external force, they have a larger capture range and the ability to progress into concave boundaries. However, when we have to deal with highly non-convex shapes, the VFC field forms an area where the...
Brain MR Images corrupted by RF-Inhomogeneity (bias artifact) exhibit brightness variations across the image. As a consequence, a standard fuzzy C-means (fcm) segmentation algorithm may fail. In this work we show a new general-purpose bias removing algorithm, which can be used as a pre-processing step for a fcm segmentation. We also compare our experimental results with the ones achieved by using...
Strong evidence shows that characteristic patterns of breast tissues as seen on mammography, referred to as mammographic parenchymal patterns, provide crucial information about breast cancer risk. Quantitative evaluation of the characteristic mixture of breast tissues can be used as for mammographic risk assessment as well as for quantification of change of the relative proportion of different breast...
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosed in men and women. Generally surgery is by total excision of the mesorectum (TME), though it often has a poor outcome due to affected lymph nodes close to the resection boundary. Advancements in diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer require integration of information from different sources such as pathology macroscopic and microscopic...
Autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) has been utilized over the past decade, proving to be a powerful tool for the detection and localization of premalignant and malignant lesions of the airways. AFB is, however, characterized by low specificity and a high rate of false positive findings (FPFs). The majority of FPFs are due to inflammations, as they often fluoresce at the same wavelengths with cancer...
We designed and implemented a web-accessible database entitled MIRaCLe DB (Mammography Image reading for Radiologists' and Computers' Learning Database) that composes a dynamic repository for machines and radiologists training and evaluation. Up to now, 204 mammograms have been collected from 196 patients; they have been classified according to the type of the lesions, the type of the biopsy finding,...
Ontologies are an effective means to formally specify and constrain knowledge. They have proved their utility in various data mining applications, especially in annotating text to render it machine interpretable. More challenging research perspectives arise when ontologies are used to annotate images where the information is encoded in numeric pixel values rather than in natural language. Current...
In this study texture differentiation associated to bone regeneration properties, around loaded oral implants immersed to Platelets Rich Plasma (PRP), was investigated in panoramic radiographs. The bone-to-implant contact region was analyzed in a follow up clinical sample of 30 digitized panoramic radiographs, 15 corresponding to implant loading (Class I) and 15 after an 8 month period (Class II)...
The up-to-date segmentation techniques and software programs for microarray image segmentation require human intervention which in turn may detrimentally affect the biological conclusions reached during microarray experiments. In this paper, an automatic approach for segmenting microarray images, based on the morphological modeling of spots, is presented. The conducted experiments have shown that...
Registration is the process of finding transformations that makes correspondence between related image pairs so that pixels in the two images precisely coincide to the same points in the scene. Once registered, the image can be combined or fused in a way that improves useful information extraction. The log-polar transform (LPT) is a well known space variant image registration scheme used for medical...
Image guided interventions (IGI) has the potential to replace conventional open and invasive procedures. These interventions also minimize damage to healthy tissue. Real-time 3D visualization of the problem area is now becoming a necessity for successful IGI. Real-time intra-operative imaging devices like multi-slice CT or 3D ultrasound are noisy and have low resolution hence they need to be compared...
Fetal heart rate (fHR) is used to evaluate the fetal well-being during the delivery. It provides information of fetal status and allows doctors to detect ongoing hypoxia. The routine intrapartal evaluation is based on description of macroscopic morphological features of the fHR baseline. FHR contains more information than is used so far, therefore in this work we have focused on evaluation of nonlinear...
3D imaging allows the detailed visualization of medical structures that can be very important in the process of treating patients. In this paper we describe a method for generating 3D models representing medical structures, using data derived from a single image showing a single cross-section of an object. The proposed method utilizes a 3D deformable model that is allowed to deform in order to approximate...
Minimally invasive surgery offers advantages that make it the best choice for many diseases. Modern technologies give a great support to this kind of surgical procedures through medical image processing and visualization, 3D organ's reconstruction and intra-operative surgical guidance. In this paper is presented an advanced visualization and navigation system and the surgeon has the possibility to...
The following topics are dealt with: information technology; biomedicine; e-health; telemedicine; medical imaging; biosignals; high performance computing applications in life sciences; health system devices; medical image segmentation; health systems on the Web; computational intelligence in medical imaging; biosignals in fetus and newborn; diagnostic and therapeutic systems; systems biology and modeling...
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging medical imaging technology able to detect tissue microstructure in vivo and in situ. However, many changes, associated with diseases such as cancer, result in cellular and sub-cellular variations which are very important for the diagnosis but are below the resolution limit of OCT. Since the spectrum of scattered light is structure-dependent, the spectral...
Many medical image segmentation techniques have been proposed by lots of authors but they are mainly dedicated to particular solutions. There is no generic method for solving the image segmentation problem. The difficulty comes from that two types of noise are presented in medical images: physical noise due to the acquisition system, for example, Optical, X-rays and MRI, and physiological noise due...
Lesion segmentation is an important step in analysing dermoscopic skin lesion images. In this paper we achieve accurate lesion segmentation using a co-operative neural network-based edge detection approach coupled with a pre-processing step that enhances colour information and contrast of the images. Extensive experiments are carried out on a dataset of 100 dermoscopic images with known ground truths...
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