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The cross-correlation coefficient (CC) was used to estimate the effects of muscular voluntary contraction (MVC) and fibres inclination. The study was based on simulated surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals generated in a cylindrical multi-layer volume conductor (bone, muscle, fat and skin) and detected by longitudinal single differential (LSD), inverse binomial of order two (IB2) and maximum kurtosis...
Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) aims to induce programmed exercises in paralyzed limbs of people who suffered a stroke, in order to improve their rehabilitation process. Nowadays, surface pre-gelled transcutaneous electrodes are used to provide electrical pulses to the nerves which induce contractions to the targeted muscles. This paper presents a new type of electrodes which are embedded...
Previous studies have reported that shear wave speed along muscle fibers is distinct from the speed across the fibers. Therefore, the shear speed may be a sensitive method to determine muscle fiber orientation in vivo. The purpose of this study is to develop a reproducible method to determine anisotropy in muscle fibers using Shear Wave Elastography (SWE). This technique was used to study myofascial...
This paper presents a study on the feasibility of an interface based on a mechanomyographic signal (MMG). Existing state-of-the-art studies show attempts of utilisation of MMG signal for gesture recognition where the sensors' location is strictly defined with respect to muscle position. A test setup consisting of 5 IMU sensors arranged in a band form was used. The classifier for 5 gestures (fist,...
“SHIN-TAI” is an upper humanoid body composed of artificial muscles and artificial fats covered with artificial skin. The artificial muscles reproduce natural changes in shape and stiffness of real human muscles by a pressure-regulating system, and the amount of artificial fats can be increased or decreased by controlling liquid flow rate into liquid bags under the skin. By controlling these two programmable...
With continuous advancements on active prosthetics the detection of the user's intention becomes the new technological bottleneck. While electromyography (EMG) is widely used to detect individual muscular contributions, sweat and relative sensor movements degrade the quality of the signal over time. In this paper, we bypass the problems created with the skin contact analyzing the muscular activation...
In this paper we introduce a robust multi-channel wearable sensor system for capturing user intent to control robotic hands. The interface is based on a fusion of inertial measurement and mechanomyography (MMG), which measures the vibrations of muscle fibres during motion. MMG is immune to issues such as sweat, skin impedance, and the need for a reference signal that is common to electromyography...
People with trunk impairment cannot lean forward because of the dysfunction of the trunk resulting from events such as cervical cord injury (CCI). It is therefore difficult for such people to work at a table because they may easily fall from their wheelchair, and it is also hard for them to return to their original position. This limits the activities of daily living (ADLs) of people with trunk impairment...
Executing coordinated movements requires that motor and sensory systems cooperate to achieve a motor goal. Impairment of either system may lead to unstable and/or inaccurate movements. In rehabilitation training, however, most approaches have focused on the motor aspects of the control loop. We are examining mechanisms that may enhance the sensory system to improve motor control. More precisely, the...
This paper proposes a 3D virtual animating head system, which can not only talk but also sing. With a reconstructed head mesh model, including external/internal articulators, from multi-source images, biology information are first used to visualize each phoneme with a musical note. The synchronicity between songs and articulatory movements is then modeled by a deep neural network trained on an audio/articulatory...
In this paper, the thickness change of biceps brachii during the fatigue process is continuously monitored using one micro-size single-element ultrasound transducer and analyzed by the echo tracking algorithm. We focus on isometric, 50 % maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) of the elbow. Four subjects participates in the experiment and the result shows that the muscle thickness of biceps brachii continues...
We assessed the impact of different motor unit action potential (MUAP) components in dynamic muscle contractions on decomposition of high-density surface electromyograms (hdEMG). In particular, hypothesis that nontravelling MUAP components, originating from the tendon regions, are less sensitive to changes in geometry of fusiform muscles than travelling MUAP components has been tested on synthetic...
The aim of this paper is to describe the methods used for obtaining the 3D models of the human musculoskeletal system based on image processing. The resulted models are integrated into a system based on emerging technologies, such as VR (Virtual Reality) and AR (Augmented Reality), aimed to aid the learning process in the study of the human movement biomechanics. The constructed system is designed...
Applications are emerging that feature multiple implanted devices as part of an intra-body network. Establishing high bandwidth communications between such devices is challenging and there is a need to understand the principles of the intra-body channel. This paper presents a numerical analysis of the wave propagation between identical antennas in the MedRadio operating band (2.36–2.40 GHz) within...
Wearable sensors are useful in the field of robotics, rehabilitation, biomechanics and medicine. In this work, we present a wearable measurement system equipped with a flexible, stretchable and tactile sensors array. The system contains four strain gauges connected to four separate Wheatstone bridges. The strain gauges were embedded into silicone Dragon skin to ensure the necessary properties of a...
In this article we describe the design and construction of a wearable sEMG signal acquisition system for long term monitoring using dry electrodes based on conductive fabrics. It is necessary to have a system capable of conforming to the shape of the forearm in order to acquire more reliable signals during long time sensing. Therefore, we develop a miniaturized sEMG acquisition system that can be...
Aiming at comparing the exposure levels among children and adults, this paper investigates the exposure due to a representative wireless power transfer system in three different human body models, i.e. adult male and female as well as a child. A dosimetry study has been performed to evaluate the exposure levels with respect to the ICNIRP basic restrictions. Differences in terms of dosimetric quantities...
In this paper, we explore the feasibility of developing a sensor-driven rehabilitation game for people suffering from dysphagia. This study utilizes the skin-like electronics for unobtrusive, comfortable, continuous recording of surface electromyograms (EMG) during swallowing and use them for driving game-based, user-controlled feedback. The experimental study includes the development and evaluation...
A study of the intra-body propagation channel between two identical tissue implanted antennas is presented. To investigate the effect of the tissue boundaries, the channel between the two implants is evaluated within a tissue layered numerical phantom with both insulated and un-insulated antenna structures in the MedRadio operating band (2.36–2.40 GHz). The results demonstrate how wave propagation...
Realistic wrinkles are important for enhancing the realism of 3D facial expression. In this paper, we proposed a combined method to simulate realistic wrinkles generated in facial expressions. By taking physiological mechanism of facial wrinkles into account, we used the muscle model for facial animation to extract the wrinkle region, and then an improved wrinkle model was applied to generate wrinkles...
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