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Auditory prostheses is an electronic device that partially replaces the functions of the human ear. Unlike a hearing aid, it does not make sound amplification or filters the noise signal but instead bypasses normal hearing operation to directly stimulate the auditory nerve with electric current allowing hearing impaired persons to receive sound. The function of auditory prostheses is an artificial...
As the most successful neural prosthesis, cochlear implants have provided partial hearing to more than 120000 persons worldwide; half of which being pediatric users who are able to develop nearly normal language. Biomedical engineers have played a central role in the design, integration and evaluation of the cochlear implant system, but the overall success is a result of collaborative work with physiologists,...
Cochlear implants are devices designed to provide a measure of hearing to the deaf. It has been very successful in restoring partial hearing to profoundly deaf people. Most deaf individuals have lost the ability to translate sound into patterns of electric activity normally present on the 30,000 fibers of auditory nerve. Because these patterns are input to the brain that result in sound sensation,...
A 75 dB 251 /spl mu/W analog speech processor is described that preserves the performance, robustness, and programmability needed for deaf patients at a reduced power consumption compared to that of implementations with A/D and DSP. It also provides zero-crossing outputs for stimulation strategies that use phase information to improve performance.
Pitch extraction and estimation are very important issues in speech processing. Although frequency-domain analysis can get a good precision, its complex computing and mass memory occupation make it hardly suitable for cochlear implants based on characteristics of Chinese language. In this article, lifting scheme is adopted, combined with pitch extraction algorithm, to extract fundamental frequency...
Previous studies in normal-hearing and cochlear-implant subjects have shown high levels of speech recognition with primarily temporal envelope cues. The present study used principal component analysis (PCA) to extract important features in temporal envelopes and then constructed a 3-layer feedforward artificial neural network to study their role in vowel recognition. Twelve vowels by 30 speakers in...
Voicing is the feature that indicates whether a speech sound is quasiperiodic or aperiodic. It is used perceptually to discriminate pairs of sound such as /s,z/,/p,b/,f,v/, etc. The nucleus WSP-III multichannel speech processor uses a stimulation rate equal to the fundamental frequency of the input speech signal: two pulses are sent in rapid sequence during each fundamental period. When speech is...
In Czechoslovakia a single-channel cochlear implant for the deaf has been developed and applied successfully in five cases. The promontory tests of electrical hearing used in the laboratory for the evaluation of potential implantees are described. A novel method for measuring the implant active electrode during surgery is presented. After the implantation it is necessary to evaluate the patient's...
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