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The incorporation of nano-crystalline semiconductors with novel kinds of ordered microstructure is a very important area of research in the field of dye sensitized solar cells. A sol–gel method involving hydrolysis of titanium isopropoxide was used to form TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of SiO2 spheres. In this process, 1, 5, or 10 wt% of SnCl2.2H2O was added to the sol–gel solution. To prepare...