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In this paper, a new four-echelon electric vehicle manufacturing supply chain model is proposed among government, electric/gasoline vehicle manufacturer, retailer and ultimate vehicle customer to study subsidy policy. Based on the Stackelberg leader/follower strategy concept, we consider two situations in subsidizing electric vehicle which are given subsidy to electric vehicle customer or electric...
Wooden furniture industry has important role in Indonesia for its economic, social, and environmental role. Buyer wants product that has a high variety but low price and produced with social and environmental consideration but industry has obstacles related to limited supply of high quality of raw material, inefficiency in business, and problems in marketing. Sustainability aspects considered in this...
The traditional operation management typically assumes that decision-makers are fully rational. In this paper, the concept of fairness is incorporated in a supply chain coordination to investigate how inequity averseness may affect the supply chain members' quality investment. We study on a simple twoechelon supply chain making up of one manufacturer as leader and one supplier as follower which plays...
This note is concerned with the problem of consensus control of supply chain system. A new method based on stochastic model is presented to discuss this problem. The sufficient condition is given which can maintain the system consensus. At last, the numerical example is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
One of the most important challenges in inventory control of an efficient supply chain is to minimize logistics costs for each member of the chain. This challenge is even more important when facing non-deterministic demands. In this paper, a divergent two-echelon inventory model is developed to minimize logistics costs (ordering, holding and shortage costs) both for a warehouse and retailers when...
This paper considers a three-echelon supply chain inventory problem consisting of single manufacturer, distributor and retailer. In the system under discussion, the manufacturer produces a product and supplies it to the distributor and it is also allowed to direct shipping to supplier facing a deterministic demand but the time span of delivery is relatively short. We develop some scenario to accommodate...
In this paper, we develop a model of supply chain network under oligopolistic competition. The supply chain network is consisted of oligopolistic firms that compete non-cooperatively. And all the firms try to determine their the product flows to maximize their profits. The Nash-Cournot equilibrium conditions are solved by using genetic algorithm without any assumption of continuity and differentiability...
Sale effort competition in dual channel supply chain happens among two manufacturers and one traditional retailer in e-commerce age. Being a channel leader the first manufacturer's role becomes complicated. That is, being the weaker traditional retailer's supplier and competing with the second weakest manufacturer on the internet at the same time. Focusing on sales effort, the paper finds out their...
Supply chain hybrid competition happens among two manufacturers and one traditional retailer in e-commerce age. Being a channel leader the first manufacturer's role becomes a little sophisticated. That is, being the traditional retailer's supplier and competing with the second weaker manufacturer on the internet at the same time. Besides, as an online competitor the second manufacturer's channel status...
The newsvendor problem is about how to make optimal ordering decisions for short-life cycle product with demand uncertainty. Few papers study inventory problem with unreliable suppliers, even for those who consider unreliable suppliers, very few are concerned with demand lost. In this paper, we model the newsvendor decision making behavior, which takes the unreliable suppliers and demand lost into...
There are relationships between firm's operational activities and financing decisions. Goods is a base for operation management, while trade credit plays an important role in firm's financing decision. This paper integrates these two important concepts through inventory decision. By introducing the factors, such as financial distress cost and bargaining power, this paper discusses how firm make his...
A stackelberg inventory model taking vendor-buyer interaction in lead time into account is developed in this paper. In this supply chain both parties involved in the lead time decision-making; and the assumption of the lot-for-lot policy of the vendor is relaxed, from this way, the model is more practical. An iterative algorithm is developed for searching the integral nonlinear programming, and numerical...
Lagrangian relaxation technology is used to optimize the integrated planning model for supply chain, which is established by the factors such as price, inventory etc. To reduce the duality gap of lagrangian relaxation, an improved method with lagrangian relaxation and genetic algorithm is applied in the model. The number results prove the effectiveness of the model and algorithm.
This paper considers the optimal production decision considering Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the supply chain. CSR is currently the most important measure to sustain continuous developments of companies by performing environment-friendliness and suitable social activity, and it is also essential for avoiding the latent risk. In this paper, we consider the evaluation of environmental conservation...
Suppliers play a key role in achieving the objective of supply chain. Hence selecting the right suppliers and their quota allocation is a very important in achieving corporate competition. Supplier selection is a multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem which is affected by several factors. At the same time due to the presence of vague and imprecise input parameters, makes the supplier selection...
This paper proposes a three-tier port supply chain supernetwork model, which is composed of m suppliers, n port agents and o clients. The model takes the competition within a tier and the cooperation between tiers into account, the optimality conditions for the suppliers, port agents and customs are formulated respectively using the variational inequalities. Then the optimization situation for the...
This paper set up a 3PL Company's financing pricing model for the exponentially deteriorating products. Based on the supplier's permission of delayed payment and the 3PL Company's provision of inventory impawn financing service, it studied retailer's decision-making of its optimal order quantity and 3PL Company's optimal decision-making problem of providing the finance service. At last, a numerical...
This paper examines the impacts of demand price sensitivity and retailer's risk aversion on characteristics of the buy back contract. The market demand is stochastic and price dependent. We adopt additive demand model. The supplier is risk neutral while the retailer is risk averse. We formulate the retailer's decision model in the form of mean-variance. The decision models of the supply chain members...
From the viewpoint of a distributed service process, an ion-channel based method was proposed to analyze the reliability of supply chains. An analytic method was presented to determine the reliability of supply chains for logistics systems. New models were built to consider the following situations: when the nodes failed, different defect states had different measures and effects on the system. A...
This paper studies a mixed channel system including a traditional retail channel with added service and an Internet channel. After analyzing decentralized and centralized supply chain, we conclude that the decentralized supply chain ought to be coordinated. Then a revenue and cost sharing contract is devised to optimize the profit of supply chain and reasonable range of sharing coefficient is found...
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