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The wormhole attack is hard to detect and can be easily implemented. An attacker may receive packets from one location in the network and tunnel them to the other end point in a different location and re-inject them into the network. Attackers can tunnel the packets by one of the following methods: encapsulating the packets, using out-of-bound links or using high power. If there are two or more malicious...
The wormhole attack is a severe attack that can be easily mounted on a wide range of wireless networks without compromising any cryptographic quantity or network node. In the wormhole attack, an attacker sniffs packets at one point in the network, tunnels the packets through a wired or wireless link to another point. Such kind of attack can cause severe problems in wireless sensor networks, especially...
With the properties of openness and dynamic in topology, wireless sensor networks are challenged with great security threats. In this paper we focus on the wormhole attack which is proved to be particularly dangerous to the resource-limited sensor nodes. We present the SA-TC algorithm for detecting and thus defending against this serious threat. It is based on the on-demand multi-path routings and...
'A wormhole attack'-where an attacker receives packets at one location in the network, tunnels and then replays them at another remote location in the network. The route request can be tunneled to the target area by the attacker through wormholes. Thus, the sensor nodes in the target area build the route through the attacker. Later, the attacker can tamper the data, messages, or selectively forward...
Due to their diverse applications, ad hoc networks are appealing for use in many domains. However, their features of open medium, absence of infrastructure, dynamic changing network topology, cooperative algorithms, lack of centralized monitoring and management point, resource constraints and lack of a clear line of defense, they are vulnerable to many attacks. Therefore, there is a major concern...
According to sensor network node information interaction characteristics, aiming at the wormhole attacks, this paper proposed a secure positioning technology based on the consistency, including the wormhole attack detection, neighbor Locator identification and secure positioning three processes, finally it established a mathematical model of complete detection probability by suing the proposed secure...
The wormhole attack is considered to be a serious security attack in multihop ad hoc and sensor networks. We propose "DeWorm", a simple protocol to effectively detect wormhole attacks without the need for special hardware and/or strict location or synchronization requirements. DeWorm makes use of discrepancies in routing information between neighbors to detect wormholes. A simulation based...
In this paper, a technique for detection of wormhole attacks based on distance verification is proposed for mobile ad hoc network (MANETs) applications. A node estimates its distances to a sender node based on the received signal strength (RSS) of received packets, and uses them to verify against the distances computed from the location information in the packets. The verification is formulated as...
Wormhole attacks enable an attacker with limited resources and no cryptographic material to disrupt wireless networks. In a wormhole attack, an attacker records packets (or bits) at one location in the network, tunnels them (possibly selectively) to another location and retransmits them there into the network. In this paper, we present an algorithm for detecting and thus defending against wormhole...
Important applications of Wireless Ad Hoc Networks make them very attractive to attackers, therefore more research is required to guarantee the security for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks. In this paper, we proposed a transmission time based mechanism (TTM) to detect wormhole attacks - one of the most popular & serious attacks in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks. TTM detects wormhole attacks during route setup...
A particularly severe attack on routing protocols in ad hoc networks is the so-called wormhole attack in which two or more colluding attacking nodes record packets at one location, and tunnel them to another location for a replay at that remote location. When this attack targets specifically routing control packets, the nodes that are close to the attackers are in effect shielded from finding any...
We have implemented a fully-functional wormhole attack in an IPv6 802.11b wireless mobile ad hoc network (MANET) test bed running a proactive routing protocol. Using customised analysis tools we study the traffic collected from the MANET at three different stages: i) regular operation, ii) with a "benign" wormhole joining distant parts of the network, and iii) under stress from wormhole...
In this article, we present our research work in intrusion detection over wireless ad hoc network. We summarize the current intrusion detection techniques into three categories. Then we investigate detection of wormhole attack in wireless ad hoc networks. A novel end-to-end wormhole detection method is proposed
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