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article

Palaeoenvironments of the Eifelian dolomites with earliest tetrapod trackways (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)

Marek Narkiewicz, Jacek Grabowski, Katarzyna Narkiewicz, Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki, more

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology > 2015 > 420 > Complete > 173-192

The Eifelian dolomites in the Zachelmie Quarry (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland) contain trackways and tracks of tetrapods 390-391Ma old, and thus the oldest known so far. The environments of the trackway-bearing beds have been investigated using sedimentological, palaeontological, geochemical and palaeomagnetic methods. The reconstructed tetrapod habitats comprised shallow-water lagoons separated from...

article

In search of generality: Revised distribution data and regionalization of Cerrado endemic tetrapods

João Paulo Santos Vieira‐Alencar, Ana Paula Carmignotto, Ricardo Jannini Sawaya, Luís Fábio Silveira, more

Journal of Biogeography > 51 > 4 > 618 - 631

Aim To search for a general regionalization pattern using verified records of endemic terrestrial vertebrates. To test previous hypotheses of congruent distribution patterns for Cerrado biotas. To study the role of elevation as a driver of endemism and distribution in the Cerrado region. Location Cerrado domain, central South America. Taxon Tetrapoda. Methods We used a species occurrence matrix...

article

Diversity gradients of terrestrial vertebrates – substantial variations about a common theme

T. Raz, A. Allison, L. J. Avila, A. M. Bauer, more

Journal of Zoology > 322 > 2 > 126 - 140

Environmental factors, such as temperature, precipitation, and elevation, explain most of the variation in species richness at the global scale. Nevertheless, richness patterns may have different drivers across taxa and regions. To date, a comprehensive global examination of how various factors such as climate or topography drive patterns of species richness across all terrestrial vertebrates, using...

article

Land‐use intensity influences European tetrapod food webs

Christophe Botella, Pierre Gaüzère, Louise O'Connor, Marc Ohlmann, more

Global Change Biology > 30 > 2 > n/a - n/a

Land use intensification favours particular trophic groups which can induce architectural changes in food webs. These changes can impact ecosystem functions, services, stability and resilience. However, the imprint of land management intensity on food‐web architecture has rarely been characterized across large spatial extent and various land uses. We investigated the influence of land management intensity...

article

Risk of extinction increases towards higher elevations across the world's amphibians

Jacinta Guirguis, Luke E. B. Goodyear, Catherine Finn, Jack V. Johnson, more

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 32 > 11 > 1952 - 1963

Aim Life in mountains is associated with multiple features that increase the risk of demographic collapses in populations – small geographic ranges, short breeding seasons, specialization to harsh climates – leading to the hypothesis that extinction risk is exacerbated in species inhabiting higher elevations. Here, we implement the first test of this hypothesis across the amphibian tree of life –...

article

Exceptions to the rule: Relative roles of time, diversification rates and regional energy in shaping the inverse latitudinal diversity gradient

Felipe O. Cerezer, Antonin Machac, Thiago F. Rangel, Cristian S. Dambros

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 31 > 9 > 1794 - 1809

Aim Inverse latitudinal diversity gradients (i‐LDGs), whereby regional richness peaks outside the tropics, have rarely been investigated, and their causes remain unclear. Here, we investigate three prominent explanations, postulating that species‐rich regions have had: (1) longer time to accumulate species; (2) faster diversification; and (3) more energy to support species‐rich communities. These...

article

The role of the Neotropics as a source of world tetrapod biodiversity

Andrea S. Meseguer, Pierre‐Olivier Antoine, Antoine Fouquet, Frédéric Delsuc, more

Global Ecology and Biogeography > 29 > 9 > 1565 - 1578

Aim The Neotropics currently host outstanding levels of species richness, with one‐third of the global tetrapod species. The underlying causes of these extraordinary levels of biodiversity are a topic debated in evolutionary ecology, but the main processes at work remain elusive. Location Neotropics. Time period Cenozoic and Mesozoic. Major taxa studied Tetrapods. Methods Using global phylogenies...

article

Necklace‐like Nitrogen‐Doped Tubular Carbon 3D Frameworks for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Recep Yuksel, Onur Buyukcakir, Pritam Kumar Panda, Sun Hwa Lee, more

Advanced Functional Materials > 30 > 10 > n/a - n/a

The design and synthesis of a necklace‐like nitrogen‐doped tubular carbon (NTC) are presented by growing microporous polyhedral ZIF‐8 particles and a uniform layer of ZIF‐8 on sacrificial ZnO tetrapods (ZTPs). Oxygen vacancies together with defect regions on the surface of the ZTPs result in the formation of ZIF‐8 polyhedra in conjunction with a very thin shell. This necklace‐like NTC structure has...

article

Assessing the causes of diversification slowdowns: temperature‐dependent and diversity‐dependent models receive equivalent support

Fabien L. Condamine, Jonathan Rolland, Hélène Morlon, Rampal Etienne

Ecology Letters > 22 > 11 > 1900 - 1912

Diversification rates vary over time, yet the factors driving these variations remain unclear. Temporal declines in speciation rates have often been interpreted as the effect of ecological limits, competition, and diversity dependence, emphasising the role of biotic factors. Abiotic factors, such as climate change, are also supposed to have affected diversification rates over geological time scales,...

article

First tetrapod footprints from the Permian of Sardinia and their palaeontological and stratigraphical significance

Paolo Citton, Ausonio Ronchi, Simone Maganuco, Martina Caratelli, more

Geological Journal > 54 > 4 > 2084 - 2098

The Torre del Porticciolo palaeontological locality (Alghero, north‐west Sardinia, Italy) is important for having provided the skeletal remains of the first Permian basal synapsid from Italy, Alierasaurus ronchii, the largest late early Permian to early middle Permian non‐therapsid synapsid known to date. Recently, other skeletal remains preliminarily attributed to a carnivorous non‐therapsid synapsid...

article

The Transport of Electrons through Tetrapod-Shaped CdTe/CdSe Nanocrystals

R. V. Zakharov, V. V. Shorokhov, A. S. Trifonov, R. B. Vasiliev

Moscow University Physics Bulletin > 2018 > 73 > 6 > 659-668

A quasi-one-dimensional model was developed for the transport of electrons in the scanning tunneling microscope needle–CdTe/CdSe tetrapod-shaped nanocrystal system. This model was used as a basis to study the effect of the concentration of charge carriers in the tetrapod and its energy band structure, the geometry, and the spatial orientation with respect to the substrate on the voltage–current characteristics...

article

Developmental pathways of periodontal tissue regeneration

Ugo Ripamonti

Journal of Periodontal Research > 54 > 1 > 10 - 26

Nothing is known on the impact of developmental divergence on periodontal tissue regeneration in vertebrate animals. Molecularly, the induction of tooth morphogenesis is highly conserved deploying across animal phyla a constant and reproducible set of gene pathways, which result in morphogenesis of multiple odontode forms and shapes. Genetic mutations positively affect animal speciation via evolving...

article

Evolution of the muscular system in tetrapod limbs

Tatsuya Hirasawa, Shigeru Kuratani

Zoological Letters > 2018 > 4 > 1 > 1-18

While skeletal evolution has been extensively studied, the evolution of limb muscles and brachial plexus has received less attention. In this review, we focus on the tempo and mode of evolution of forelimb muscles in the vertebrate history, and on the developmental mechanisms that have affected the evolution of their morphology. Tetrapod limb muscles develop from diffuse migrating cells derived from...

article

Fast acquisition of a polysaccharide fermenting gut microbiome by juvenile green turtles Chelonia mydas after settlement in coastal habitats

Patricia Campos, Miriam Guivernau, Francesc X. Prenafeta-Boldú, Luis Cardona

Microbiome > 2018 > 6 > 1 > 1-11

Background Tetrapods do not express hydrolases for cellulose and hemicellulose assimilation, and hence, the independent acquisition of herbivory required the establishment of new endosymbiotic relationships between tetrapods and microbes. Green turtles (Chelonia mydas) are one of the three groups of marine tetrapods with an herbivorous diet and which acquire it after several years consuming pelagic...

article

Walory geoedukacyjne kamieniołomu Zachełmie w Górach Świętokrzyskich (Polska Południowa)

Z. Złonkiewicz, A. Mader

Geotourism / Geoturystyka > 2018 > nr 3-4 (54-55) > 11--26

Nieczynny kamieniołom dolomitów Zachełmie, położony w miejscowości Zagnańsk, 12 km na północ od Kielc, jest wyjątkowym miejscem na mapie geologicznej Gór Świętokrzyskich. Zobaczyć tu można skały powstałe w dwu etapach rozwoju geologicznego Ziemi. Etap starszy reprezentują szare dolomity i iłowce dolomityczne środkowego dewonu, nachylone stromo ku północy. Zostały one sfałdowane w karbonie i permie,...

article

Computational Simulation and Optimization of Functionally Graded Auxetic Structures Made From Inverted Tetrapods

Nejc Novak, Matej Vesenjak, Zoran Ren

physica status solidi (b) > 254 > 12 > n/a - n/a

Auxetic cellular materials show great potential for improved properties in case of impact loading. Due to this potential, auxetic structures made from inverted tetrapods are extensively analyzed experimentally and computationally. The built samples are compressed in two orthogonal directions to determine their base mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms. The lattice computational model...

article

Synthesis of ZnO tetrapods for high-performance supercapacitor applications

Qun Luo, Pingru Xu, Yongfu Qiu, Zhiyu Cheng, more

Materials Letters > 2017 > 198 > C > 192-195

In this paper, the synthesis of ZnO tetrapods and its application as electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors have been reported. The galvanostatic charge-discharge measurement results show that the specific capacitances of the ZnO tetrapods-based electrodes increase with the decrease of the current densities. The maximum capacitance is 160.4Fg^–1 at the current density of 1.0Ag^–1....

article

Permian tetrapod extinction events

S.G. Lucas

Earth-Science Reviews > 2017 > 170 > C > 31-60

Four substantial tetrapod extinctions have been identified during the Permian, but only one of these is an apparent mass extinction. Analyses of global compilations of the family-level diversity of Permian tetrapods have been confounded by incorrect and compiled correlations. Instead, analyzing diversity patterns at the genus level in “best sections” identifies only one apparent mass extinction of...

article

The Evolution of the Zygomatic Bone From Agnatha to Tetrapoda

Zhikun Gai, Xiaobo Yu, Min Zhu

The Anatomical Record > 300 > 1 > 16 - 29

Establishing the homology of the zygomatic or jugal bone and tracing its origin and early evolution represents a complex issue because of large morphological gaps between various groups of vertebrates. Using recent paleontological findings, we discuss the deep homology of the zygomatic or jugal bone in stem gnathostomes (placoderms) and examine its homology and modifications in crown gnathostomes...

article

Surface modification of ZnO tetrapods using sodium sulfide and their two-photon luminescence properties

Qun Luo, Yongfu Qiu, Pingru Xu, Dan Zhu, more

Materials Letters > 2016 > 182 > C > 138-142

In this paper, the surfaces of ZnO tetrapods were modified by Na₂S to form composite ZnS/ZnO hollow tetrapods for the first time. Two-photon luminescence spectra with the excitation having double longer wavelength than the emission indicated that two-photon absorption was involved in the excitation processes, and the photon luminescence enhancement of ZnS/ZnO hollow tetrapods more than that of ZnO...

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Palaeoenvironments of the Eifelian dolomites with earliest tetrapod trackways (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)

In search of generality: Revised distribution data and regionalization of Cerrado endemic tetrapods

Diversity gradients of terrestrial vertebrates – substantial variations about a common theme

Land‐use intensity influences European tetrapod food webs

Risk of extinction increases towards higher elevations across the world's amphibians

Exceptions to the rule: Relative roles of time, diversification rates and regional energy in shaping the inverse latitudinal diversity gradient

The role of the Neotropics as a source of world tetrapod biodiversity

Necklace‐like Nitrogen‐Doped Tubular Carbon 3D Frameworks for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Assessing the causes of diversification slowdowns: temperature‐dependent and diversity‐dependent models receive equivalent support

First tetrapod footprints from the Permian of Sardinia and their palaeontological and stratigraphical significance

The Transport of Electrons through Tetrapod-Shaped CdTe/CdSe Nanocrystals

Developmental pathways of periodontal tissue regeneration

Evolution of the muscular system in tetrapod limbs

Fast acquisition of a polysaccharide fermenting gut microbiome by juvenile green turtles Chelonia mydas after settlement in coastal habitats

Walory geoedukacyjne kamieniołomu Zachełmie w Górach Świętokrzyskich (Polska Południowa)

Computational Simulation and Optimization of Functionally Graded Auxetic Structures Made From Inverted Tetrapods

Synthesis of ZnO tetrapods for high-performance supercapacitor applications

Permian tetrapod extinction events

The Evolution of the Zygomatic Bone From Agnatha to Tetrapoda

Surface modification of ZnO tetrapods using sodium sulfide and their two-photon luminescence properties

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