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In this paper, we present the design, fabrication and calibration of a passive UHF RFID tag based soil moisture and environment temperature sensor. The inter-digital double-sided capacitive sensor developed modifies its capacitance as the soil moisture changes, due to modification of the soil permittivity. The implemented smart tag includes an external sensor front-end that is capable to process analog...
Ground-based robots for agricultural applications are receiving increased attention as labour availability and cost drive interest and uptake. Here we describe a radar method that is suitable for soil moisture measurement from a moving vehicle. We have employed techniques from impulse radar that enable measurement of soil reflection at resolutions smaller than the antenna beam width. We show how the...
We present the design of an antenna array for a proximal soil moisture sensor that will be mounted on an irrigator. The sensor maps the soil moisture of the ground ahead and uses the information to modulate the water volume of the irrigator. The design objective of the antenna is to enable the sensor to map the ground surface at less than 1m2 resolutions. Applying radar analysis, it is determined...
We are developing a method that allows remote soil moisture measurement from electromagnetic sensors that are mounted on irrigators. To do that, techniques from the impulse (ultra-wideband) radar are applied, which enables the measurement of soil reflection at resolutions smaller than the antenna beamwidths of the radar. We derive a relationship between the radar's parameter (i.e. pulse-width, antenna...
In this paper, we consider the problem of monitoring soil moisture evolution using a wireless network of in situ sensors. Continuously sampling moisture levels with these sensors incurs high-maintenance and energy consumption costs, which are particularly undesirable for wireless networks. Our main hypothesis is that a sparser set of measurements can meet the monitoring objectives in an energy-efficient...
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