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This paper proposes a control scheme composed by a linear control and a predictive algorithm with extended horizon for a three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverter topology for grid-tie photovoltaic applications. The proposed strategy is capable to balance the capacitor voltages at the DC link and to generate a sinusoidal current at the grid side with a unitary power factor. Differently to other...
In this paper, a modified droop control combined with power-line signaling is applied to several public dc street/road lighting microgrids with microgeneration and storage capability. The idea is to communicate low-level microgrid's main converter with the battery management system (BMS) injecting a high-frequency signal into the dc bus. Depending on the value of this frequency, the batteries will...
It is mandatory in Bangladesh to install solar panel on the rooftop of a newly build apartment or factory in order to get utility connection from the service provider. The most cost-effective and efficient way of producing energy using solar panel is to connect the panels to the utility grid through Grid Tie Inverter (GTI). GTI is one of the most important components of the grid tie solar system that...
This paper presents a multifunctional bidirectional converter applied to street lighting and photovoltaic (PV) microgeneration systems. The proposed converter works as an electronic driver supplying a street lighting luminaire based on light emitting diodes (LEDs) at night, from ac single-phase mains with high power factor and reduced harmonic distortion. During daylight hours, the converter injects...
In this paper two active anti-islanding methods are evaluated and compared according to the ABNT NBR 62116 and IEEE STD 929-2000 standards. These standards specify voltage and frequency trip time settings and trip magnitudes. The first method is the active frequency drift with positive feedback and the second one is the active frequency jump that is based on phase-locked loop perturbation. The latter...
The amount of distributed generators connected to the utility grid has been growing every year. With this in mind, it is necessary to use methods that can detect islanding conditions in a faster way and that do not decrease the quality of the energy provided by the utility grid. This paper focuses on the design and simulation of a single phase grid-tied photovoltaic system using an active frequency...
Most common Power Factor Correction (PFC) solutions for low power applications, when galvanic isolation is required, involve the use of discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) dc to dc topologies. The control is generally based on fixed duty ratio operation, or at best, on a classic low-bandwidth duty-ratio control. Considering public lighting systems, in which a high number of low power converters are...
This paper defines, explains and implements a unified switching pattern for the switches in a bidirectional Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) Flyback converter, used for connecting the individual elements of a street lighting system to the mains facility. In every individual element, the DC bus links the different existing stages, such as lamp driver, energy storage stage, power generation stage...
The objective of this work is to get an understandable model of a single-phase Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS), as well as design and verify the controllers for the UPS. To make the procedure more comprehensive, a basic single-phase UPS is proposed, so it is formed by a battery bank and a bidirectional full-bridge converter (with LC filter and transformer included). The single-phase full-bridge...
The number of photovoltaic distributed generators introduced into electricity distribution systems is increasing worldwide. Safety measures must be taken for the correct operation of these new distributed generators so as to prevent uncontrolled and undesired power injections into the grid and possible damages to equipment and personnel. This paper describes an anti-islanding detection method used...
This work presents an analytical and detailed design methodology of the output current controller and DC link voltage controller of the three-phase VSC (voltage source converter) with output LCL filter. Most of inverter-based grid-tie systems use L filters, which present structural simplicity and are easy for modeling and controlling. However, the 3rd order LCL filter mitigates switching harmonic...
The increasing number of distributed generators connected to the distribution grids requires islanding detection methods that guarantee the disconnection of generators during grid faults and unintentional island situations. Many anti-islanding techniques have been developed to satisfy this necessity. This paper evaluates two frequency-drift anti-islanding methods used with a single-phase grid-tie...
This paper presents the modeling and control of a battery energy storage system (BESS) connected to the grid by a single-phase current source inverter. A bidirectional DC/DC converter connects the battery bank to the dc bus of the inverter allowing power flow in both directions. An integrated non-linear control strategy is proposed to control both converters and to manage the power flow direction...
Presented herein is a power and control system architecture of a voltage-mode inverter that is interfaced between a DC power source and an AC utility grid. Utilizing an inverter power stage of a full-bridge switching configuration, the single stage of DC-to-AC power conversion is innovatively controlled to achieve maximum power tracking from the power source and a driving sinusoidal output voltage...
COEP-Microgrid, a project by the students of College of Engineering, Pune (COEP) aims at establishing a microgrid in the college campus. Proposed microgrid has a AC-bus and DC-bus, interconnected together with a tie line DC-AC converter. AC-bus of the microgrid can operate in synchronism with the utility grid. In islanded mode of operation, i.e. in the absence of the utility grid, voltage on AC bus...
College of Engineering, Pune(COEP) Microgrid, a project by the students of College of Engineering Pune aims at establishing a microgrid in the college campus serving as a living laboratory for research and development of novel grid technologies. Proposed microgrid has an AC-bus and DC-bus, interconnected together with a tie line DC-AC converter. Synchronization with AC bus requires inverter output...
This paper presents a multifunctional bidirectional converter. The proposed converter works as a grid-tied inverter, injecting power coming from a PV subsystem to the AC mains in the daytime hours, but also supplies energy to a LED-based street lighting system at night. The topology is based on the integration of two Flyback converters thus allowing the desired bidirectional energy flux. Each Flyback...
Distributed generation networks including micro grids benefit from solar cells that are controlled by dc-dc converters. In this paper a nonlinear discrete-time model for a buck converter tied to a solar system is derived with unknown internal dynamics. Then, adaptive neural network (NN) controller is employed to enhance stability of dc-dc converter connected to grid-tie inverter (GTI) in the presence...
Grid-tie inverters are used to convert DC power into AC power for connection to an existing electrical grid and are key components in a microgrid system. This paper discusses the design and implementation of a grid-tie inverter for connecting renewable resources such as solar arrays, wind turbines, and energy storage to the AC grid, in a laboratory microgrid system while also controlling real and...
Per-panel photovoltaic energy extraction with integrated converters can increase overall array tracking efficiency. Also, switched-capacitor (SC) converters have been evaluated for many applications because of the possibility for on-chip integration; applications to solar arrays are no exception. This paper presents a comprehensive system-level look at solar installations, finding possibilities for...
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