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Several newly recovered specimens documenting the Eocene Myanmar (South East Asia) anthropoid taxa Pondaungia and Amphipithecus modify the classical understanding of the taxonomy of these two primates, which have in fact no substantial morphological differences. Using tooth wear stages and the elevation of the horizontal branch of the mandible below the foramen mentale, we show a continuous variation,...
Analysis of the teeth, orbital, and gnathic regions of the skull, and fragmentary postcranial bones provides evidence for reconstructing a behavioral profile of Amphipithecidae: Pondaungia, Amphipithecus, Myanmarpithecus (late middle Eocene, Myanmar) and Siamopithecus (late Eocene, Thailand).At 5-8 kg, Pondaungia, Amphipithecus, and Siamopithecus are perhaps the largest known Eocene primates. The...
A detailed endocranial cast of the olfactory bulb of Amphipithecus mogaungensis, a latest middle Eocene primate from the Pondaung Formation (Myanmar), was studied in comparison with some Paleogene primates, the olfactory bulb of which has been reported. The olfactory bulb of Amphipithecus is located just anterior to the postorbital constriction, that is, within the interorbital septum. It is relatively...
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