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Conventional drinking water treatment plant consists of coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration and disinfection units. Depending on water quality influent, each unit can be optimized to achieve the desired water quality effluent, both in design and operation stages. A typical water treatment plant has the combination of processes needed to treat the contaminants in the source water...
One of China largest river, Songhua River was polluted due to the explosion at a PetroChina factory in Jilin province in 2005. A full scale test was carried out to investigate the removal of nitrobenzene in the raw water from polluted Songhua River. The removal and control effects of nitrobenzene by using Powered Activated Carbon (PAC) absorption and Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) filtration as emergent...
The water quality characteristics of Jinan Queshan reservoir (which derived from Yellow River) are low turbidity and algal bloom. Based on those characteristics, the flofilter technology with flotation and filtration was developed, which was conducted to dispose of the eutrophic water with the algal bloom from Queshan Reservoir. The tested result stated that the removing rate of total algae was 72...
Phosphorus is one of the key elements necessary for the growth of microorganism in drinking water. It stimulates the growth and/or regrowth of microorganism and reduced biostability in drinking water. The demand for effective and inexpensive technology is to increase in response to the widespread recognition of the deleterious health effects of microorganism risk in pipe network. In this study, activated...
In the present article, the treatment of groundwater containing Fe(II) has been investigated. The oxidation processes were mediated by specific bacteria, namely the Leptothrix ochracea and Gallionella ferruginea, which belong to the general category of iron oxidizing bacteria. This work was focused on the characterization of the products of biological oxidation and to the examination of the kinetics...
The performance of the slow sand filter was examined using the landscape water with the experimental period of 46 days. The filter installed was similar to the traditional slow sand filter; expect that the top 5-cm sand was changed to the quartz sand. In this study, the variations of the turbidity, COD, BOD and TN were measured based on the filtration rate of 0.2m/h. Results showed that the average...
Study on coagulation-microfiltration combination process for treatment of Luan river water was carried out. The experimental results showed that when the dosage of FeCl3 was 35 mg/L, the removal of turbidity was above 95%, the organic matter was above 50%, and recovery of membrane flux reached 81% for the combination process. On the other hand, among the four coagulants (FeCl3, Polymeric Ferric Sulfate,...
In this paper, the characteristics, size distribution and influencing factors of carbon fines and symbiotic relationships between attached bacteria and fines were detected and analyzed under traditional process conditions. The STXM measurement could be used to judge carbon fines. The number of fines in the GAC effluents during the filtration cycle contented a trend of rise first then fall. And the...
Aerated filter packed with natural zeolite was applied to treat low polluted surface water in a pilot experiment. The removal of NH3-N, permanganate index and turbidity were analyzed, and the performance under different HRT was introduced based on the index derived from ?? theory and fuzzy mathematics method. Experimental results indicate that HRT had different effect on the removal of NH3-N, turbidity...
In this paper, we studied the removal of high fluoride from drinking water treated by two new fly ash filter materials A and S. The results showed that both filter materials can be used for adsorbing fluoride, the adsorption type is Freundlich, a multi-adsorption with medium coverage; the required mass of adsorbents for an aqueous solution of 1 m3 with 4 mg/L concentration of fluoride are 2.46 kg...
Cyclops of zooplankton threatens the drinking-water security because of the massive propagation in the polluted water resource and the ineffective treatment by conventional purification technology. The inactivation effects on Cyclops in the raw water of the pre-oxidants, such as chloramines, chlorine, potassium permanganate composite (PPC) and ozone, were discussed. And the synergic removal effects...
The dynamic membrane formation mechanisms and filtration mechanisms were investigated at 4 cm and 8 cm water head drop (WHD). Flux variation, resistance plot curve shape, the relationship t/V - t and t/V - V were investigated to study the dynamic membrane formation and filtration. And effluent turbidity and particles size distribution were also used to demonstrate the effluent particles size. Based...
Catalytic ozonation/biological activated carbon process was applied for advanced drinking water treatment in this study. The results showed that with the ozone dosage of 2.0mg/L, the removal of CODMn, TOC and UV254 in catalytic ozonation unit was 24.6%, 15.9% and 59.8%, and increased to 40%, 16% and 68% respectively after being treated by BAC. The catalytic ozonation unit contributed to more than...
Removal of bromate by ferrous sulfate reduction was studied using water plant filter effluent spiked with bromate. Effects of FeSO4 dosage, reaction time, pH and DO concentration on bromate reduction were investigated. Removal of residue total iron by GAC was also studied. Results showed that, when initial bromate concentration is about 25 mug/L, pH is 7.2, DO concentration is 2.3 mg/L, temperature...
Two different granular activated carbon (GAC) filters were utilized to investigate the removal efficiency of bromate and natural organic matters (NOM) during the transition from fresh GAC to the biological activated carbon (BAC). The removal efficiency of bromate, nitrate, UV254, DOC, and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) in GAC filter apparently decreased during the transition from fresh...
UF (ultrafiltration) technology has been in progress as an alternative to conventional drinking water treatment of raw water which usually contains algae both in domestic and abroad. But fast decrease of membrane flux and ineffective backwashing are major limitations for application of UF on algae-rich water. Pretreatment by permanganate/PAC (powdered activated carbon)/coagulant and a better range...
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