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En el marco de la crisis ambiental y climática y teniendo en cuenta los esfuerzos que en la UE se proponen para transitar hacia un modelo de sostenibilidad en general y de producción agroalimentaria en general y considerando que en ese sentido el uso de los fitosanitarios son un punto crucial de permanente cuestionamiento y revisión, este trabajo se propone tres objetivos: 1) realizar una mirada conceptual...
A lo largo de la última mitad del siglo XX y a principios del siglo XXI se ha ido reconfigurando de diversas maneras la relación entre desarrollo y ambiente. A nivel general, actualmente, hay dos corrientes antagónicas en pugna: la que promueve el desarrollo sostenible, y la que a partir del oxímoron desarrollo y ambiente busca alternativas al desarrollo. Este trabajo busca aplicar indicadores para...
El artículo desarrolla algunas reflexiones sobre las relaciones que unen la ciudad (las ciudades) con el medio ambiente en sus alrededores. Los autores, basándose en la literatura y, también, en las investigaciones de campo realizadas en Ecuador y en España, emprendieron la tarea de clasificar dichas relaciones, indicando tres tipos de las mismas. El primero consiste en una constante expansión de...
Assuming that by 2050 cities will concentrate more than 70% of the world population, this paper aims to analyse the concept of “Smart Cities” as defined by IBM and already implemented in some major cities all over the world. The main goal of these projects is to achieve more efficiency and sustainability in managing the cities, treating them as a complex system. Discussing the concept of efficiency...
Teocelo, es un municipio localizado a 18 km de Xalapa (México). Como muchos municipios pequeños, tiene problemas de recursos económicos, sin embargo frente a esta escasez, la administración pública y la comunidad, con la asesoría de la Universidad Veracruzana, han emprendido una serie de proyectos sustentables cuyos beneficios tienen impacto en la economía del municipio, en la educación y sobre todo...
This paper discusses the possibilities and difficulties in implementing green economy policies in Brazil. It starts with a discussion about the current trend of specialization in “brown” activities, and argues that a transition towards an alternative, more sustainable development pattern requires a new competitive paradigm, with changing attitudes for both the public and private sectors. This requires...
Abstract: Declining rural security and pressures to reduce public‐sector expenditures in the late 1990s spurred efforts to develop alternative funding models for Uganda's Kibale National Park (KNP). The Wild Coffee Project, established in 1999 with support from the U.S. Agency for International Development, the World Bank, and the Ford Foundation, sought to develop a market for wild coffee that had been harvested traditionally from areas within today's KNP. The Kibale Forest Foundation, a U.S.‐based nonprofit organization, was created to legalize harvests, obtain third‐party wild and organic certification, and coordinate management between KNP, the coffee industry, and local communities. Although the project was successful in legalizing, harvesting, and processing the world's first certified wild and organic coffee, efforts to gain entry into the international marketplace failed. Chief among the lessons learned from this project is that for many wild‐grown products, the value of “the story”—in both human and conservation terms—is likely to far exceed actual product values. This value differential should be captured through high‐value niche markets to avoid low commodity pricing and subsequent pressures to improve financial returns through over harvesting. In addition, local producers should hold significant assets in whatever brands are developed, creating a shared‐equity approach that serves social responsibility goals, fosters project sustainability, and ensures a steady stream of positive stories for use in marketing to build brand value. Shared equity—in this case ownership interest in the intellectual property embodied in the brand—provides a second incentive beyond transactional profits that can only be realized if resource conservation is maintained...
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