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Soil erosion is one of the thorniest issues which has brought severe environmental problems such as degradation of water quality and soil productivity. Topographic factor, as known as slope length and steepness factor (LS) plays a vital role in soil erosion model, it is multiplied with rainfall erosivity (R), ground cover (C), soil erodibility (K) and soil conservation practices factor (P) to modelling...
The Loess Plateau is the main water collection and the sediment production area of the Yellow River. The water resource crisis and the heavy flood inducing soil erosion coexist in this area. As a result the eco-environment is deteriorating rapidly. The Soil and Water Conservation Activities (SWCA) have taking place almost on every hill slope in the Loess Plateau almost three decades. SWCA, however,...
Through experiments in standard runoff plots, this paper studied effects of leucaena leucocephala hedgerow and vetiver hedgerow on bulk density, particle distribution and nutrient loss of the surface soil (the soil depth was 0–20 cm) of sloping farmland in the purple soil area, Sichuan, China. Results showed that: (1) the two hedgerows can reduce soil bulk density, and vetiver hedgerow had a bigger...
This paper had the retrospective assessment of land consolidation project implementation ecological effects in Guangxi for the past few years. Firstly this paper summarized the differences of implementation situation of land arrangements, including the land smooth, the land development and land reclamation, simultaneously drew the spatial distribution of the situation. Then, typical cases had been...
Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) associated with GIS/RS technology has been widely applied to estimate regional soil loss around the world. However, In the Buyuan river basin, the largest tributary within the Upper Mekong, little work has been conducted to assess the situation of soil erosion, though it plays considerable roles for sediment supply to the Lower Mekong after cascade dams...
According to the operation of Three Gorges Project, a water-level-fluctuating zone with 30m high will come into being in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, which will bring a succession of ecological and environmental problems. Therefore the research on the land-use structure of water-level-fluctuating zone is very important for environmental protection in Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Using the land use...
It constructs a basic water circular economic allocation and accounting frame for ecological compensation according as mechanism design general model theory. Water circular economic accounting includes water resources amount and flow accounting, water quality and pollutant accounting, environmental-economic accounting and water value flow accounting. It is put forward that a model of two-dimension...
By interpretation of TM images respectively in 1990, 2000 and 2005, the map of current land use of the 5 km buffer zone around Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province was compiled. Through overlaying, spatial analysis and statistic analysis supported by ArcGIS 9.2 software, the map of land use change rule and land cover in this area were showed, and the environmental impacts caused by the change of land use...
The research area's land use data and vegetation cover data were extracted from the remote sensing imagery, which were acquired in 2001 and 2008. Then combined with topographic data, the soil erosion data of study area in 2001and 2008 were acquired. Final, the spatial and temporal patterns of soil erosion over the study area from 1985 to 2008 were examined and the major changing soil erosion types...
According to statistical and survey data, land use survey data and TM imagines from 2000 to 2008, dynamic changes of quantitative and regional difference of land use in ShangHuang experiment area during the last 8 years are analyzed. Based upon the model of Markov's shift matrix, the land use changes are discussed. The results indicated that the general trend of cultivated land during the past 8 years...
Along with the economy development and the industrialization progress quickly, watershed pollution in cities is growing seriously. It's difficult to achieve the goal of improving the water environment with the traditional water pollution control theory, as it's more emphasis on the end approach. Evolution of watershed relates to climate change, geological features, land use, animal changes, human...
The Three Gorges Reservoir is one of the largest water conservancy and control projects in the world. After the accomplishment of the project in 2009, a 30-meter high water-level-fluctuating zone will appear along the banks. The WLFZ is a seasonal humid ecosystem . The distributed features and useful values of WLFZ are explored according to the program of water storage in the Three Gorges Reservoir...
Soil erosion which endangers the human survival and development has been an important environmental problem around the world for a long time. The complexity and diversity presents in Zhuxi Small Watershed which is one of the thirty typical monitoring watersheds in China. The information which include rainfall, slope, soil, vegetation and land use, was obtained by combining 3S techniques with field...
With steep slopes, high mountains, concentrated rainfalls and frequent rainstorms, the agricultural production and economic development of the Wen County, the southernmost county, also heavily damaged by 5.12 Earthquake, of Gansu Province in northwest China, are gravely constrained by serious soil erosion. To make effective soil and water conservation measures, quantitative evaluation of soil erosion...
Based on the measured data of hillslope simulated rainfall experiment in the Loess Plateau of China, the method of back-propagation neural networks optimized by genetic algorithms was used to establish the hillslope runoff and infiltration model. The rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, initial soil water content and slope were selected as the model inputs, the runoff volume and infiltration volume...
This paper collected data of affecting soil erosion by RS and GIS, combined soil erosion model, got the load and degree of soil erosion in Luoning County, and analyzed the relationship between soil erosion and its main affecting factors. The results showed that annual average soil erosion modulus was 2799.29t/km2 and erosion load 6495744t, 61% of Luoning County was tiny or light degree erosion, while...
Water is the major limiting factor in agriculture in arid and semi arid regions. Change in the hydrologic balance in irrigation areas has resulted in high water tables and salinization of soil. However, where suitable aquifers exist, groundwater pumping and irrigation application after mixing with fresh surface waters can control the secondary salinization of soil and water table depth and improve...
In order to reduce the massive soil erosion and to ensure sustainable development, the Chinese central government planned revegetation measures to reduce these environmental problems-especially in the Loess Plateau. This revegetation process will not only result in less soil erosion in the coarse sandy hilly catchments (CSHC), but also less runoff due to increased evapotranspiration (ET). A water...
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