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In this work a new method is proposed to obtain the deployment of sensor nodes with a maximum coverage area using a minimum number of sensor nodes in three-dimensional surfaces. The deployment is performed using the dual Delaunay triangulation/Voronoi Diagram. The position selection process considered the vertices as candidate positions and the sensing radius. The positions were selected based on...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been used in different types of applications and deployed within various environments. Simulation tools are essential for studying WSNs, especially for exploring large-scale networks. However, WSN testbeds are still required for further testing before the real implementation. In this paper we propose an indoor testbed which is built on the ceiling board of the...
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), sensor nodes are typically subjected to energy constraints and often prone to topology changes. While duty cycling has been widely used for energy conservation in WSNs, random walks have been popular for many delay-tolerant applications in WSNs due to their many inherent desirable properties. In this paper, we consider an opportunistic forwarding under an asynchronous...
Due to the limited energy-source and mostly unattended nature of the wireless sensor networks, efficient use of energy has a critical importance on the lifetime of the applications accomplished by such networks. Although in most of the cases sensor nodes are battery-powered, there are application scenarios in which battery- and mains-powered nodes coexist. In this paper, we present an approach and...
A sensor network consists of a large number of sensor nodes which have sensing functions and wireless communication functions, and a single sink node which is a base station node of the sensor network. Sensor nodes sense some environmental phenomena and send data packets about the phenomena to the sink node by multi-hop communications. Generally sensor nodes are battery-driven. Therefore shortening...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are composed of a large number of sensor nodes with limited computation capability, power and memory. Balance of energy consumption between nodes can reduce the number of dead nodes and prolong the network lifetime. In this paper, based on the novel clustering algorithm Affinity Propagation (AP), a power efficient cluster head selection algorithm (PECBA) is proposed...
In this paper, we investigate how the sensor network performs in the case when the event moves with special movement path. We compare the simulation results for four scenarios: when the event is stationary, moving randomly, moving with simple 4 path and boids path. The simulation results have shown that for the case when event is moving randomly the performance is the worst in the four scenarios....
The location estimation of sensor nodes is a fundamental and essential issue for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), because the gathered data is meaningful only when the location information of the sensor nodes is known. In this paper, we proposed a novel localization algorithm. In the proposed scheme, we first estimate the location of sensor nodes using Convex Position Estimation (CPE), and then refine...
Data transmitted in large scale wireless sensor surveillance networks is highly spatial correlated resulting in transmission of redundant data, which increase the energy consumption. So it has been proposed to select a subset of sensors nodes to transmit their data so as to prevent transmission of redundant data. In this paper, we investigate the ways of selecting sensor nodes and develop a novel...
Self-deployment is one of the main research issues in wireless mobile sensor networks. It determines quality of service of networks, such as coverage and connectivity. In this paper, we present a distributed self-deployment algorithm by distance and orientation control (DOC). Distance control tries to keep the distance among sensor nodes equal to the ideal distance in equilateral triangle grid deployment,...
In wireless sensor networks, geographic routing requires source nodes to be aware of the location information of sinks to send their data. Since sensor nodes have limited resources, providing the sink location service through low overhead is an important challenging issue. To address this issue, in this letter, we propose a simple sink location service scheme based on circle and line paths. In the...
In this paper, a centralized hierarchical-based routing protocol, that distributes energy load among sensor nodes based on their residual energy, is proposed. The performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated via intensive simulation. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol outperforms the well-known Base-Station Controlled Dynamic Clustering Protocol (BCDCP) in terms of network lifetime...
Localization is essential in wireless sensor networks to handle the reporting of events from sensor nodes. For 3-D applications, we propose a mobile beacon-based localization using classical multidimensional scaling (MBL-MDS) by taking full advantage of MDS with connectivity and measurements. To further improve location performance, MBL-MDS adopts a selection rule to choose useful reference points,...
Design an energy efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor network is a very important issue because of the constrained energy of sensor nodes. In this paper, an energy efficient routing protocol (VBT-EBHRP) is proposed. In this protocol, a virtual backbone tree is constructed and based on the virtual backbone tree, a routing tree is constructed. The residual energies of the virtual backbone...
Sensor nodes located on the boundary of the covered area often cause difficulties in maintaining a wireless sensor network's lifespan. This study proposes a simple method to approximate boundaries in wireless sensor networks. The approach uses only connectivity information of a network while not requiring nodes localize themselves. The proposed method divides a network into clusters and forms partial...
Storing data on sensor nodes at a specified location is a useful technique for data-centric storage and management of location dependent data on wireless sensor networks. To decrease the cost of accessing these data, arranging replicas of data so that the distance between the consumer nodes and replica holder nodes decreases is desirable. Conventional schemes, however, are costly for updating the...
Using controlled mobile elements is a promising approach to collect data from sensor nodes. It is very important to calculate a number of near-optimal routes for the fusion nodes that incrementally collect the data. Based on the multi-tier mobile network model, a new moving control strategy is proposed. This method first divides the monitoring field into several sub-regions so that fusion nodes can...
Wireless sensor networks are used in many applications like battlefield, patient monitoring, emergence response information and environmental monitoring. To achieve security in WSN, it is important to be able to encrypt the messages sent between sensor nodes. It is required to agree upon a common key before encrypting the messages. The key management task is challenging due to resource constrained...
We consider a multi-hop clustered wireless sensor network in which sensor nodes use their observations of the environment to make local hard (0/1) decisions about whether an event has occurred. The local decisions are transmitted over a binary symmetric channel (BSC) to the cluster head (CH) in a multi-hop fashion. The CH fuses the local decisions it receives to produce a final hard decision about...
The transmission radius that affects the consumption of energy in WSNs is an important design parameter. In this paper, we define the expected cost of energy as the product of the average hops of packets that sensor nodes intend to transmit to sinks and single-transmission energy consumption. We use mathematical methods deriving a constrained programming model by which the optimal transmission radius...
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