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Phase transition phenomena observed in most combinatorial search problems including constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) are important for clarifying how structures make problem instances hard to solve. For the graph 3-colorability (3COL), which is one of the typical CSPs, the method to systematically generate hard problem instances by embedding original minimal unsolvable structures has been proposed,...
Arc consistency (AC) is very important in Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs). Several algorithms have been made to deal with arc consistency, the most known is the Maintaining arc consistency algorithm (MAC). The usefulness of AC processing was recognized early. As a result, many AC algorithms for binary constraints have been proposed in the literature. In this paper we will clearly present the...
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