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In cognitive radio networks (CRNs), spectrum trading is an efficient way for secondary users (SUs) to achieve dynamic spectrum access and to bring economic benefits for the primary users (PUs). Unlike the one shot trading designs in previous studies, in this paper, we introduce a financing contract that allows the SU to pay only part of the total amount when the contract is signed, known as the down...
Based on Complete and Incomplete Contract Theory, the paper analyzes the root causes of different kinds of problems during the process of budget compilation and implementation of university research funds. These problems include false budget, fiddling on expenditure, and hard to monitor and control. Based on these analyses, the paper also provides corresponding strategy. The analysis in the paper...
In the case of asymmetric information, there are some principal-agent problems between dominant enterprise and member enterprises in the dynamic alliance. In the context of bounded rationality, “indiscreet behaviors” of member enterprises bring on moral hazard for the union. According to contract theory, the principal-agent model was applied to devise two incentive contracts: pure incentive contract...
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