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Many utilities are offering or plan to offer customers an option between standard and “Time-of-Day” (ToD) rates for electricity. Standard rates provide a flat rate for energy while the ToD rates are tiered. ToD rates are typically less than the standard rate during off-peak times and higher than the standard rate at peak times. This pricing structure can incentivize demand response (DR) and integration...
Demand response behaviors of retailers are very important for dynamic pricing mechanism design and analysis. This paper presents a multi-agent system to simulate the household response to dynamic pricing. In each household, the best activities under real time pricing for every major electricity devices with their own characteristics and flexibilities are formulated as mixed integrated linear programming...
Demand response (DR) is an important demand-side resource that allows for lower electricity consumption when the system is under stress. This paper presents a DR framework that can be implemented within a home area network, as well as a conceptual hardware architecture for a Home Management System (HMS) and appliance interface units that enable in-home DR implementation. The proposed DR strategy allows...
This paper presents experiences from a pilot study focusing on daily demand response from households, utilizing smart metering, remote load control, pricing based on the hourly spot price combined with a time of day network tariff, and a token provided to the customers indicating peak hours. The observed demand response was 1 kWh/h for customers with standard electrical water heaters. By aggregating...
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