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Electrical power systems are undergoing a major change globally. Ever increasing penetration of volatile renewable energy is making the balancing of electricity generation and consumption challenging, forcing transmission system operators to spend increasing amounts of money for ancillary services. This creates interesting opportunities for demand side assets, that would be able to adjust their power...
This study forecasts the load profile of Germany for household scenarios till 2050 based on Markov chain process. Taking into account the penetration level of photovoltaic (PV) solar technology, technological improvement of efficient home appliances, battery support, load management and demand response scheduling, a high resolution smart home demand profile is created. At the end, combining of all,...
This paper is concerned with integration of demand response from small loads such as residential small appliance into forward electricity market. We use a simple model and formulate the problem as a dynamic program that maximizes social welfare. We focus particularly in those electric appliances with intertemporal consumption constraint. The satisfaction of end-users from operating them are captured...
Dynamic pricing constitutes a promising approach for realizing the significant potential of flexible demand. However, naïve application of dynamic pricing leads to demand response concentration at the lowest-priced periods, yielding significant new demand peaks and inefficient system operation. A previously proposed measure imposing a flexibility restriction on flexible loads may not be acceptable...
Real-time pricing can potentially lead to economic advantages for consumers in the environment of smart grid. Compared with flat rates, dynamic pricing allows consumers more engagement through measures of demand response (DR). This paper investigated the optimal hourly electricity consumption scheduling problem of a given consumer responding real-time price. The objective of the proposed model is...
This paper proposes an improved PSO (IPSO) algorithm for home energy management system (HEMS), which integrates demand response (DR) in a smart grid. Based on the time of use (TOU), the critical peak pricing (CPP), as well as the DR signals from the utility, the proposed IPSO algorithm minimizes the electricity payment by scheduling the home appliances, while satisfying the constraints set by the...
On the basis of Home Energy Management System (HEMS), this paper studies a residential load scheduling problem in Time-of-Use pricing environment. First, we propose a classification of residential controllable appliance according to each characteristic and provide corresponding mathematical description. This classification could cover almost all the common appliances. Then, this paper establishes...
Large scale data centers and Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) are valuable assets that can be used to balance power grid frequency by adjusting their power consumption. This paper considers the joint power management of a data center and the PEVs of its employees for frequency regulation. The problem involves designing a real-time power control strategy for the integrated assets to collectively track...
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