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Context-awareness relates to personalisation and requires the selection of potential recipients for targeted service provision. Selection requires a decision, therefore context-aware systems are decision-support systems. In the ‘real-world’ humans try to reach ‘rational decisions’ by applying ‘wisdom’, in this paper we propose an approach which applies ‘rational decision-support’ in context-aware...
Decision making is important for many systems and is fundamental for situation awareness and information fusion. When a decision making process is confronted with new situations, goals and kinds of data, it must evolve and adapt. Highly optimized processes and efficient data structures generally have the disadvantage of having little flexibility or adaptability when confronted with new forms of data...
Interactive visualization has become a popular approach to support decision makers coping with complex decision problems in the commercial world. However, it is not clear that these interactive visualizations result in better decision making. Human judgment under uncertainty is known to fall victim to a number of biases that result from the heuristics that we employ, yet the design of many interactive...
Clinicians need to find and use the most important, or salient, information to make optimal patient care decisions. The fragile health of patients who are admitted to a Burn Intensive Care Unit (BICU) requires clinicians and clinical teams to make time-pressured diagnostic and therapeutic decisions based on complex sets of information. Barriers to these decisions, and related behaviors, which we term...
This paper describes a mixed-initiative model of knowledge discovery capable of monitoring a dynamic environment, in which uncertain and unreliable messages can be reasoned over for recognizing human activities and predicting likely threats. The model represents “an argument assistant” helping an analyst in argument production by considering pro and contra arguments from uncertain transient information...
Constrained Rationality is a formal qualitative goals and constraints reasoning framework to analyze and rationalize about single and multi-agent strategic decisions/conflicts. The framework is extended in this paper by adding mechanisms to: 1) model the agents' priorities, emotions and attitudes within the context of the conflict; and 2) elicit the agents' cardinal and ordinal preferences over their...
This paper describes the architecture and requirements of an integrated system that is needed to support command and control for the interoperability-capability focus area. The architecture is designed to enhance situational awareness during emergencies such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, wild fires, floods, tsunamis, mud slides, storms, tornadoes, hurricanes, extreme heat, extreme cold, massive...
The number of newly developed Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods grew considerably in the last decades. Although their theoretical foundations are solid, there is still a lack of acceptance and application in the practical field. The objective of this research is the development of a conceptual model of factors that influence MCDM acceptance that serves as a starting point for further research...
To enhance the ability of intelligent reasoning and decision-making modules of present MIS, an algorithm is proposed which using rough set to reduce sampling data and produce rule library. It is done by giving a knowledge reduction and rule extraction algorithm based on a comprehensive analysis of rough set theory and present algorithms, taking a comprehensive evaluation database of university students...
Surveillance typically involves monitoring humans, buildings, and other mobile objects to detect abnormal behavior; primarily to sense and detect any anomalies in real time. Conventionally this has been done manually, but with a growing demand for day-to-day surveillance and the need for intense monitoring; decision support has proven to improve the overall system performance. Decision support also...
Patent search requires identifying the boundaries of existing knowledge. Every patent request requires a decision maker to study all the aspects of the request. The paper describes a model for representing the patent request by a set of concepts related to existing knowledge ontology. The search for patent information is based on Fuzzy Logic decision support, allowing a more comprehensive search....
COTS (Commercial off-the-shelf) ERP systems provide a lot of reusable software packages, which accelerate the implementation process to some extent. However they also put enterprises into a dilemma: whether to adapt as-is business processes or to customize software packages. In order to help the enterprises get out of the dilemma, a holistic methodology is proposed to automatically elicit software...
This paper proposes Constrained Rationality, a formal qualitative goals and constraints reasoning framework for single and multi agents to analyze and rationalize about strategic decisions/conflicts. The framework suggests bringing back the strategic decision making problem to its roots: reasoning about options/alternatives, not to satisfy a set of preferences, but rather to satisfy the explicitly...
In the paper, we employ a hybrid reasoning model to aid the decision making in railway accident rescue. A coarse-to-fine model is proposed which combines the Rule-Based-Reasoning (RBR) and Cased-Based-Reasoning (CBR). In section 2, we present the framework of our method. Further, we investigate on the detail of the implementation for RBR and CBR in decision support for railway accident rescue in Section...
Internet-based tools that encourage public participation in debates concerning policy issues have been recognized as a good way to engage the electorate with political issues. In addition, such systems for e-participation can gather, make available, and analyze the public's contributions to political debate. In this article we discuss a system called Parmenides, which we designed to exploit technological...
The rate of successful implementation of enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is still lower than expected. One of the main reasons is that there are inevitable gaps between software capacities and organizational needs. A methodology with emphasis on gap analyzing is proposed to procure requirements for ERP software. The methodology consists of three phases: business modeling, gap detecting and...
This paper focuses on the method of case-based reasoning and its application in emergency commanding and decision-making. Features of emergency cases are analyzed firstly, then the description and storage pattern of emergency cases is designed, following that, the retrieval algorithm, which is the kernel of CBR, is discussed in detail , then the process of case-based reasoning in emergency commanding...
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