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This paper describes a simple method for classifying the condition of morning and afternoon measurement of eye movement based on the Fuzzy rule, the first step to find the relation between eye movement and fatigue. The eye movement is taken by camera and processed by computer. The left eye pupil center coordinates are used as eye movement data. These coordinates are extracted to obtain their features...
Artificial muscle, double network gels with mechanical performances, and gels with low frictional property are reported in this paper. And the kinds of artificial soft machines constructed by polymer gels such as Gelooper, gelf, shape memory gel actuator, and chemical motors, are also highlighted.
This paper introduce a harmonic sinusoidal voltage that will actuate a 3M's VHB 4905/4910 dielectric elastomer artificial muscle (DEAM). This actuation voltage that is actually a sinusoidal pattern of music rhythm will synchronize the artificial muscle movements with music harmony. To have this manner, first a sinusoidal pattern of music rhythm will be extracted. Principles of this pattern are strengths,...
Enlightened by the disparity between the experimental and theoretical calculations of flexion and extension muscle activities, this paper proposes that co-contraction contributes to arm impedance control even during free planar movements. Therefore, the proposal above, implemented with the neuro-muscle-skeleton model and optimal control tool, could yield stiffness ellipses which are consistent with...
The vertebrate nervous system produces a wide range of movements flexibly and efficiently, in spite of high complexity and nonlinearity of their motor system. The existence of building blocks in motor system known as synergies can be a convincing solution to overcome the computational complexity. In mathematical perspective, optimal feedback control as a theory of motor coordination provides a coherent...
The study aimed to investigate the effects of thrombolytic therapy and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on the time constant of left ventricular (LV) isovolumic relaxation. Of 38 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) recruited in the work, 26 patients (treated group) received intravenously thrombolytic therapy within 12 hours after the AMI event, and 12 patients (controlled group)...
This paper proposes a method to strengthen specific muscle group of thigh or upper arm using functional effective muscle theory. In the proposal method, the load is set by using the muscular activity pattern and the output force distribution during exercise. The muscular activity pattern and the output force distribution show an activity ratio of each muscle group and maximum output force, respectively,...
The human mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into cardiomyocytes, osteoblasts, chondroblasts, adipocytes, endothelial, hepatocyte and neuron cells, when hMSCs are exposed to certain physical and chemical stimulants. It is hoped that the differentiation of hMSCs into certain cell types in certain in-vitro conditions can provide for treatment of the certain disease and pathologic situation. The...
History effects are the changes in isometric forces of muscles previously activated at high length. The aim of our study was to investigate determinants of history effects in the context of epimuscular myofascial force transmission. Isometric forces of maximally active extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle, as well as tibialis anterior and extensor hallicus longus muscle complex (TA+EHL) of the rat...
Postural control strategies applied by a subject in two different physical environments (phy env) were explored by using tendon vibration technique. EMG data from left and right Tibialis Anterior and Gastrocnemius muscles have been received from a subject while standing still on a force platform in two different conditions (eyes open and closed) during 180 sec long trials at the phy env's created...
Residual stress plays an important role in determining arterial wall stress and wall remodeling. We studied the effect of collagenase treatment on the opening angle of arteries. Our results demonstrated that collagenase treatment significantly reduced the opening angle of arteries and diminished the effect of smooth muscle contraction on the opening angles. Changes in opening angle need to be considered...
Based on the mechanical model of reciprocal innervation of horizontal eye movements, we propose the design, development and construction of an active-electro model (AEM) to emulate the biodynamics of the human eye from neurological activation in the lateral and medial extraocular muscles. The AEM design characteristics provide mechanical properties such as viscosity, inertia and elasticity of the...
Haptic interfaces have been used as a surrogate for many real world applications such as rehabilitation, calligraphy, design and surgical training. While development of haptically enabled systems are opening new avenues in training, very few studies have explored if they provide realistic and matching muscle activations compared to real world activities. In this paper a novel methodology based on...
In order to operate a robot, various devices are proposed such as a joystick, a master-slave arm, and keyboard. However, these devices have problems such as response speed. Instead of these devices, biosignal such as myoelectric signal is used as an interface between human and machine. The myoelectric signal represents the forces generated by muscle. In this paper, we propose to use the myoelectric...
Facial paralysis is the loss of voluntary muscle movement of one side of the face. A quantitative, objective, and reliable assessment system would be an invaluable tool for clinicians treating patients with this condition. This paper presents a novel framework for objective measurement of facial paralysis. The motion information in the horizontal and vertical directions and the appearance features...
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