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Appropriate regulation of human arm mechanics is essential for completing the diverse range of tasks we accomplish each day. The steady state mechanical properties of the arm most relevant for postural tasks can be characterized by endpoint stiffness, the static forces generated by a limb in response to external perturbations of posture. Endpoint stiffness is directional, resisting perturbations in...
Continuous passive motion (CPM) and continuous active motion (CAM) physiotherapy devices are commonly used to promote rehabilitation of damaged synovial joints. CAM devices use some form of mechanical resistance to patient muscle activity. This paper presents a combined CAM/CPM device which functions conventionally in the CPM mode, but in the CAM mode uses the motor to exert a constant force against...
Kinesthesia is a sense of body posture and motion that arises from the interactions among the musculoskeletal system, a rich set of biological proprioceptors and the sensorimotor nervous system that mediates between them. This paper describes implantable sensor modalities to replace normal proprioceptors in feedback control. They can be packaged into miniature, wireless neural stimulators called BIONstrade...
The spinal sensorimotor control system executes movement instructions from the central controller in the brain that plans the task in terms of global requirements. Spinal circuits serve as a local regulator that tunes the neuromuscular apparatus to an optimal state for task execution. We hypothesize that reach tasks are controlled by a set of feedforward and feedback descending commands for trajectory...
This work presents the design of a mechanical vasoconstriction mechanism with application for cerebral autoregulation. The relationship between the applied voltage of a DC motor and the tension within a pressurized vessel wall was utilized for constricting an arteriole segment within an intracranial vascular model. Using current proportional to the string tension, options for closed loop feedback...
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