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To cope with the environment and energy crisis, an MILP model for optimal biofuels supply chains design is proposed. The feedstock mainly include agriculture residue and energy crop, and the products include bio-ethanol, bio-gasoline and bio-diesel. The objective is to minimize the total cost. And the proposed approach is illustrated by a case study for Shandong Province in China.
In order to use Moroccan beet pulp and sugarcane bagasse for the production of bioethanol, we conducted in present work a comparative analysis of different methods published in the literature and those currently employed in the industry for the production of bioethanol. Based on technical and economic criteria the chemical process with dilute sulfuric acid was chosen for the first and the second step...
Olive mill wastewater (OMW) also called olive black mill, released in large quantities in the environment in countries producing olive oil, is difficult to degrade because of it is rich in phenols and polyphenols. Recently, many reports show that its bioremediation could be achieved while producing valuable products such as medicinal mushrooms, as well as bioactive polyphenolic compounds with antimicrobial,...
Energy has become fundamental human needs throughout the world. One form of renewable energy as an alternative fuel is hydrogen fuel cell. Fuel cell is an electrochemical device that can convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy and heat with high efficiency and a low negative impact on the environment. Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell (DEFC) is one type of fuel cell that can utilize ethanol...
In this paper, a macroscopic model of yeast culture is presented in the context of bioethanol production optimization. A discussion of the model formulation, based on the seminal work of Sonnleitner and Käppeli, is provided. A parameter identification of the resulting model is first performed and the dispersion of the parameter values is explained through a sensitivity analysis. Following the continuous...
Oil palm trunk (OPT) is one of the biomass produce during replanting of palm tree and this is generated every twenty five years in a given plantation. The core of the OPT when mechanically squeezed produce sap, which can be used to produce bio-ethanol. In this study, four OPT was used and each OPT was chopped into four sections which were upper, middle 1, middle 2 and bottom. The sections were stored...
Based on a bifurcation analysis of a process it is possible to point out where there might be operational problems due to change of stability of the process. One such change is investigated, Fold bifurcations. This type of bifurcation is associated with hysteresis/multiple steady states, which complicates operation close to these bifurcations. Typically only one of the steady states is interesting...
Ethyl levulinate (EL) has been identified as a versatile chemical feedstock derived from biomass. The production of EL from cellulose in the system containing alcohol was studied. In addition, the effects of water and organic solvent (cyclohexane) on EL yield were also investigated. The results show that higher acid concentration can improve the conversion of cellulose to EL and the addition of cyclohexane...
In this paper, we demonstrate how pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment of microalgae biomass opens promising downstream processing options for an energetic use of algae. The fact that lipid droplets remain intracellular after treatment facilitates selective processing. After separation of the water-soluble cell contents, the algae lipids can be extracted with adequate solvents. The use of the environmental-friendly...
Nowadays biomass is used to meet a variety of energy needs, including generating electricity, heating homes, fueling vehicles and providing process heat for industrial facilities. Bioethanol is ethanol (C2H5OH) produced by the biological fermentation of carbohydrates derived from plant material and from the food industry. In terms of fuel use, ethanol is mainly of interest as a petrol additive or...
The crisp and fuzzy optimization approaches were introduced to design an optimal temperature control policy for a batch process of simultaneous saccharification and cofermentation (SSCF) to produce ethanol from lignocellulose using the enzymes and the recombinant strain Saccharomyces yeast 1400 (pLNH33). The goal of the optimal design herein is to find the optimal temperature, initial lignocellulosic...
The alkali pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of banana pseudostem (BPS) for the production of ethanol was optimized using response surface methodology. Alkali concentration, temperature and time were considered as independent variables and reducing sugars concentration was a response variable. Pretreatment of BPS was performed at different alkali concentration, temperature and pretreatment time...
To develop bioenergy characterized with environment friendliness and renew ability is inevitable to undergo, in order to solve the problem of fossil energy shortage, to respond to such disastrous consequence as greenhouse effect and acrid rain on the earth because of short-term large-scale exploitation and utilization of fossil energy, which is necessary for human survival, and to maintain continuous...
We have been trying to accelerate ethanol fermentation of yeast (Saccharomyces serevisiae). We observed the effect of D.C. voltage application on sugar content and the number of living yeast bacteria in liquid fermentation medium. The amount of sugar consumption by yeast in the medium with D.C. voltage application is larger than that without D.C. voltage application. The number of living yeast bacteria...
The ethanol usage in buses is a reality in Stockholm, where the technology is used since 1985 with success from the environmental point of view. In order to encourage the use of ethanol in public urban transportation, aiming to reduce atmospheric pollution in the large urban centers and the mitigation of global warming, Project BEST — BioEthanol for Sustainable Transport — was conceived. It was carried...
In the present paper on-line action-dependent heuristic neuro-dynamic programming was applied for optimization of a complex nonlinear production process. The approach is based on recurrent neural network architecture — Echo state network (ESN) — as critic network within the frame of adaptive critic design (ACD) scheme. The subject for optimization is bio-ethanol fermentation. The aim was to increase...
Three main treatment parameters (sulfuric acidic consistence, temperature, time) in the dilute acid hydrolysis of poplar waste were optimized by response surface methodology, as well as the detection on the residual. The results showed the better particle size is 160–200 mesh and optimal hydrolysis condition as follows: sulfuric acidic consistence 2%, time 5min and temperature 150°C, and reducing...
This paper is to analyze the modes of Sino-Vietnamese biofuel co-operations in a globalizing world. With more and more countries establishing their policy on renewable energy, the biofuel industry becomes a prospective one and transnational biofuel cooperation is needed. We need to find some typical modes of biofuel cooperation and to know what will influence the future cooperation as well as to know...
Employing thermotolerant yeasts in ethanol fermentation has many advantages, such as reducing cooling costs, accelerating fermentation rates and decreasing contamination chances during the process. In this work, to improve the thermotolerance of self-flocculating yeast, the parental strain was treated with UV-irradiation and diethyl sulfate (DES), singly and in combination. Then, 44 mutant strains...
The limited global crude oil reserve coupled with the environmental worsening caused by the excessive consumption of petroleum-derived fuels, has forced human to look for alternative sources of energy. Ethanol, both renewable and environmentally benign, is regarded as one of the best alternatives. In this paper, we summarize the advance in bioethanol processing from various raw materials such as sugars,...
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